| Chinese | English |
| 公用水源 | utility water |
| 公用水路范围 | public waterways domain Rivers, canals and lakes owned by the state as opposed to individuals or corporations (属于国家而不是个人或公司的河流、运河和湖泊。) |
| 农业用水 | water for agricultural use Water used in agriculture for irrigation and livestock. Livestock watering is only 1 percent of the total water withdrawal for agricultural use. Of all functional water uses, irrigation is the largest agricultural use of water (农业中用于灌溉和畜牧业的水。畜牧业用水只有农业总用水量的百分之一。在所有功能性用水中，灌溉用水占有最大的农业用水比重。) |
| 地下饮用水源 | underground sources of drinking water |
| 城市用水 | urban water Water destined for private and public use in a town (城镇中用于私人和公共用途的水。) |
| 工业用水 | water for industrial use Water used by industries for purposes such as fabrication, processing, washing and cooling, which is obtained from a public supply or through self-supplied sources (用于工业中的水，如用于制造、加工、清洗和冷却，它是从公共供水或通过自我供应的来源所获得。) |
| 工艺用水 | process water Water used in a manufacturing or treatment process or in the actual product manufactured. Examples would include water used for washing, rinsing, direct contact, cooling, solution make-up, chemical reactions, and gas scrubbing in industrial and food processing applications. In many cases, water is specifically treated to produce the quality of water needed for the process (在制造或处理过程中，或在实际产品生产过程中使用的水。例子包括用于洗涤、漂洗、直接接触、冷却、化学反应和气洗涤工业和食品加工应用程序中使用的水。很多的情况下，水是用来专门处理生产过程所需的水质。) |
| 已用水 | used water Wastewater or utilized water from a home, community, farm or industry, which is often discharged after utilization (从家庭、社区、农场或工业场所流出的废水或已利用过的水，往往是利用后排放的水。) |
| 水再利用 | water reuse Use of process wastewater or treatment facility effluent in a different manufacturing process (在不同的生产过程中使用处理过的废水或使用污水处理设施。) |
| 沐浴用水 | bathing water All waters, inland or coastal, except those intended for therapeutic purposes or used in swimming pools, an area either in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters (除去被用做治疗用途或泳池里的所有内陆或海岸的水。在这个地域洗浴是被允许的而且很多人在此洗浴过。这些地域的水必须满足一定质量标准，包括化学成分，微生物以及其他物理参数方面。) |
| 沐浴用海水 | bathing seawater Sea waters in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters (可被用来进行沐浴的海水，这些水必须满足一定质量标准，包括化学成分，微生物以及其他物理参数方面。) |
| 沐浴用淡水 | bathing freshwater Freshwater in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters (可被用来进行沐浴的淡水，这些水必须满足一定质量标准，包括化学成分，微生物以及其他物理参数方面。) |
| 消耗用水 | water for consumption Consumptive water use starts with withdrawal, but in this case without any return, e.g. irrigation, steam escaping into the atmosphere, water contained in final products, i.e. it is no longer available directly for subsequent use (消耗用水始于回收，但在这种情况下，没有任何回收，例如灌溉、散发到大气中的蒸汽、在最终产品中所包含的水，也就是说，它不再是直接供以后使用的水。) |
| 用水 | water utilisation Three types of water use are distinguished: 1. withdrawal, where water is taken from a river, or surface or underground reservoir, and after use returned to a natural water body, e.g. water used for cooling in industrial processes. Such return flows are particularly important for downstream users in the case of water taken from rivers; 2. consumptive, which starts with withdrawal but in this case without any return, e.g. irrigation, steam escaping into the atmosphere, water contained in final products, i.e. it is no longer available directly for subsequent uses; 3. non-withdrawal, i.e. the in situ use of a water body for navigation (including the floating of logs by the lumber industry), fishing, recreation, effluent disposal and hydroelectric power generation (水的使用可分为三种类型：1.回收，水来自河流、地表或地下水库，取用后返回到天然水体，如：用于工业生产过程中进行冷却的水。这种回流对于河流下游的用户从河流中取水非常重要；2.消耗，开始于回收，但在这种情况下没有任何返回，如灌溉、蒸汽散发到大气中、最终产品中所包含的水，也就是说，它不再是直接供日后使用；3.非回收，即水的就地使用(包括木材业中原木的飘浮)、钓鱼、休闲、污水处理和水电发电。) |
| 用水量 | water consumption The utilization patterns and quantities entailed in a community or human group's use of water for survival, comfort and enjoyment (一个社区或人群用以生存、舒适和享受所必需的用水方式和数量。) |
| 空气-水相互作用 | air-water interaction The physical processes at the air-water interface: momentum, heat and mass transfer across the air-water interface, mixing of surface water by wind stress and wave breaking, directional wave spectra and wave forces on offshore structures. The air-water interaction is measured by the turbulence and gas exchanges resulting from the mixing of the water column by wind (在空气与水的分界面上的物理过程：动力、热量和块状物质穿过空气与水的分界面，由风力和碎波引起的水面混合，使方向波谱和波力作用于海上结构物。空气—水相互作用通过风引起的水柱混合所产生的乱流和气体交换进行度量。) |
| 饮用水 | drinking water Water that is agreeable to drink, does not present health hazards and whose quality is normally regulated by legislation (适合饮用且对健康无害的水，其品质通常受法规管制。) |
| 饮用水供给 | drinking water supply The provision and storage of potable water, or the amount of potable water stored, for the use of a municipality, or other potable water user (为了城市使用或其它饮用水使用者的需求而供应和储存的饮用水，或饮用水的储存量。) |
| 饮用水保护区 | drinking water protection area Area surrounding a water recovery plant in which certain forms of soil utilization are restricted or prohibited in order to protect the groundwater (水处理厂周围的区域，在该区域中限制或禁止某些形式的土地利用以保护地下水。) |
| 饮用水处理 | drinking water treatment The Directive on the Quality of Surface Water Intended for Drinking Water defines three categories of water treatment (A1, A2, A3) from simple physical treatment and disinfection to intensive physical and chemical treatment. The treatment to be used depends on the quality of the water abstracted. The Directive uses imperative values for parameters known to have an adverse effect on health and also guide values for those which are less adverse. There is also a directive which complements the "surface water abstraction" Directive by indicating the methods of measurement and the frequency of sampling and analysis required (欧盟《可饮用的地表水水质指引》中将饮用水根据其处理程度，分成三级(A1，A2，A3)，包括从简单的物理处理和消毒到复杂的物理化学处理。 采用的处理等级，依原水水质而定。 欧盟指引对于已知有害健康的参数，通常采取强制管理；对于危害性较小者，则采取指引式的规范。 欧盟也定有相关指引，制定采样与分析方法和频率，以补充"地表水抽取"指引的不足。) |
| 美国饮用水安全条例 | Safe Drinking water Act |
