| Chinese | English |
| 三碳-四碳循环中间产物 | C3 - C4 cycle intermediate |
| 全球水分循环路线 | route of global water circulation |
| 养分循环 | nutrient cycle A biogeochemical cycle, in which inorganic nutrients move through the soil, living organisms, air and water or through some of these (一个生物地球化学的循环，其中无机养分转移到土壤、生物体、空气和水，或通过其中的一些。) |
| 再循环能力 | recyclability Characteristic of materials that still have useful physical or chemical properties after serving their original purpose and that can, therefore, be reused or remanufactured into additional products (一种物质特性，在物质常规使用后任然存在有用的物理或化学性质，能被重用或重新制成其它产品。) |
| 卡尔文-本森循环 | Calvin-Benson cycle |
| 大气循环 | atmospheric circulation The general movement and circulation of air, which transfers energy between different levels of the atmosphere. The mechanisms of circulation are very complicated. They involve the transfer of energy between the oceans and the atmosphere, the land and the atmosphere, as well as the different levels of the atmosphere (大气的普通运动和循环，可以将不同层面的大气能量转移。循环的机制非常复杂，包括海洋和大气层之间能量转移，大气和陆地之间的能量转移，以及不同层面大气层的能量转移。) |
| 废料再循环 | waste recycling A method of recovering wastes as resources which includes the collection, and often involving the treatment, of waste products for use as a replacement of all or part of the raw material in a manufacturing process (一种废料资源回收的方法，包括作为生产过程中原材料的全部或部分替代品的废品的收集、而且往往涉及到废品的处理。) |
| 总循环模式 | general circulation models |
| 氧化戊糖磷酸循环 | oxidative pentose phosphate cycle |
| 氮循环 | nitrogen cycle The complex set of processes by which crops acquire the large amount of nitrogen they need to make proteins, nucleic acids and other biochemicals of which they are composed, and how the nitrogen returns to the atmosphere (庄稼获得大量的它们需要合成蛋白质、核酸和其它生化物质的氮，及氮如何回到空气的这套复杂的过程。) |
| 水文循环 | hydrologic cycle The movement of water between the oceans, ground surface and atmosphere by evaporation, precipitation and the activity of living organisms, as one of the mayor biogeochemical cycles. Each day water evaporates from the oceans and is carried in the air from the sea over the land, which receives it as precipitation, and finally returns from the land to the sea through rivers, thus completing the cycle (通过蒸发、降水以及生物活动使海洋、地表和大气中的水分转移，这是主要的生物地化循环之一。每天水分从海上蒸发进入空气，飘至陆地上空降落为雨，最终通过江河再汇回海洋，就这样完成一个循环。) |
| 海循环 | sea circulation Large-scale horizontal water motion within an ocean. The way energy from the sun, stored in the sea, is transported around the world. The currents explain, for example, why the UK has ice-free ports in winter, while St. Petersburg, at the same latitude as the Shetland Islands, needs ice breakers. Evidence is growing that the world's ocean circulation was very different during the last ice age and has changed several times in the distant past, with dramatic effects on climate. The oceans are vital as storehouses, as they absorb more than half the sun's heat reaching the earth. This heat, which is primarily absorbed near the equator is carried around the world and released elsewhere, creating currents which last up to 1.000 years. As the Earth rotates and the wind acts upon the surface, currents carry warm tropical water to the cooler parts of the world. The strength and direction of the currents are affected by landmasses, bottlenecks through narrow straits, and even the shape of the sea-bed. When the warm water reaches polar regions its heat evaporates into the atmosphere, reducing its temperature and increasing its density. When sea-water freezes it leaves salt behind in the unfrozen water and this cold water sinks into the ocean and begins to flow back to the tropics. Eventually it is heated and begins the cycle all over again (大洋中的大规模的水平的水的流动。通过这种方法可以将保存在海中的来自太阳的能量传到全世界。对水流的解释，例如，为什么英国有在冬天不结冰的港口，然而圣彼得斯堡和设得兰群岛有相同的纬度但需要破冰设备。证据说明世界的大洋环流在上次冰河时代非常不同，并且在很远的过去变化过几次，这对气候有很大影响。大洋像宝藏一样重要，因为它吸收了到达地球的太阳的热量的一大半。这些热量主要是在赤道附近被吸收的，被带到全世界并到处释放。它们产生了持续1000年的水流。当地球旋转和风吹过地面，水流带着热的热带的水到世界的寒冷地区。水流的强度和方向受到陆地、通过狭窄的海峡瓶颈、甚至海床的形状的影响。当热水到了地级附近，它的热量在大气中消失，它的温度降低，密度增加。当海水结冰了，它向未结冰的水中释放盐，冷水下沉到大海中并回流到热带。最后它变热并重新开始循环。) |
| 生物地理化学循环 | biogeochemical cycle Movement of chemical elements in a circular pathway, from organisms to physical environment, back to organisms. The process is termed a nutrient cycle if the elements concerned are trace elements, which are essential to life. A biogeochemical cycle occurs when vegetation decomposes and minerals are incorporated naturally in the humus for future plant growth (化学元素的运动循环，从生物到物理环境，回到生物。如果相关元素是微量元素，这个过程被称为一个养分循环，是生命的基础。一个生物地理化学循环发生在植被分解，矿物为未来植物生长被自然用于腐殖质。) |
| 碳循环 | carbon cycle The cycle of carbon in the biosphere, in which plants convert carbon dioxide to organic compounds that are consumed by plants and animals, and the carbon is returned to the biosphere in inorganic form by processes of respiration and decay (生物圈中的碳循环，在这个循环中，植物将二氧化碳转化成供植物和动物消费的有机化合物，碳元素通过呼吸和衰亡过程以无机物的形式返回到生物圈中。) |
| 联合循环电站 | combined cycle-power station This type of plant is flexible in response and can be built in the 100-600 MW capacity range. It produces electrical power from both a gas turbine (ca. 1300°C gas inlet temperature), fuelled by natural gas or oil plus a steam turbine supplied with the steam generated by the 500°C exhaust gases from the gas turbine. The thermal efficiency of these stations is ca. 50 per cent compared with a maximum of 40 per cent from steam turbine coal fired power stations. This type of plant can be built in two years compared with six years for a coal-fired station and 10-15 years for nuclear (这种发电站反应灵活，可在100-600兆瓦容量范围内兴建。它依靠气体涡轮机(入口温度约1300°C的气体)发电，由500℃所产生的蒸汽供应蒸汽涡轮机，使用天然气或石油天然气废气涡轮气体作为燃料。这些站的热效率大约为-50%，而燃煤蒸汽涡轮机最多只有-40%。这种电站类型可以在两年内建成，同等级的煤电站需要6年，核电站需要10-15年。) |
