| environ. |
mapping of lichens Maps of lichens distribution indicating air quality. Fruticose lichens (with branched structures well above the surface) are more susceptible to SO2 damage than foliose lichens (whose leaflike thallus lies nearly flat on surface) and both in turn are more susceptible than crustose lichens (which embed their tissue in the cracks of bark, soil, or rocks). The use of morphological lichen types as indicators of air pollution concentrations is well developed (地衣分布图显示着空气质量。灌木地衣(其分枝结构远高于表面)比小叶地衣(其叶状菌几乎与体表面持平)更容易受到二氧化硫的损害，反过来都比壳状地衣(即它们的组织嵌入在树皮裂缝、土壤或岩石中)较敏感于二氧化硫。形态学地衣类型作为空气污染浓度指标的使用已经相当成熟。) |
