apprenticeship(главным образом для рабочих специальностей (apprentice – "ученик", "подмастерье") // Universities still use apprenticeship schemes in their production of scholars: bachelors are promoted to masters and then produce a thesis under the oversight of a supervisor before the corporate body of the university recognises the achievement of the standard of a doctorate. Another view of this system is of graduate students in the role of apprentices, post-doctoral fellows as journeymen, and professors as masters. // en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apprentice 4uzhoj)
on-the-job training(Training by working under supervision by an experienced worker. This is contrasted with training by formal courses of instruction, provided by the employer or an outside body. Many employers make use of both training methods. OE. Individual skill training in the crafts will involve a 4-stage program consisting of classroom, shop, on-the-job training (OJT), and certification. Klimzo - Alexander Demidov)
