| 土壤酸化 | soil acidification A naturally occurring process in humid climates that has long been the subject of research, whose findings suggest acid precipitation effects. The generally accepted impact of soil acidification on the productivity of terrestrial plants is summarised as follows: as soil becomes more acidic the basic cations (Ca, Mg) on the soil exchange are replaced by hydrogen ions or solubilized metals. The basic cation, now in solution, can be leached through the soil. As time progresses the soil becomes less fertile and more acidic. Resultant decreases in soil pH cause reduced, less-active population of soil microorganisms, which in turn slow decomposition of plant residues and cycling of essential plant nutrients (这长期以来一直是研究的课题，研究结果表明酸雨影响潮湿的气候，是个自然发生的过程。土壤的酸化对陆地植物生产力的影响总结如下：由于土壤变得更酸，土壤中基本的阳离子(钙，镁)交换是由氢离子或被溶解的金属离子基本取代。溶解中的基本阳离子，可以通过土壤被过滤，随着时间的推移变得越来越贫瘠的土壤更酸。土壤pH值下降的结果，欠活跃的土壤微生物，从而对植物残体和必要的植物养分循环的重要分解更缓慢。) |
