| Chinese | English |
| 世界遗传资源登记 | world register of genetic resources |
| 植物遗传学 | plant genetics The scientific study of the hereditary material of plants for purposes such as hybridization, improved food resources and increased production (研究植物的遗传物质的学科，如杂交改良食物资源以提高产量。) |
| 遗传信息 | genetic information The information for protein synthesis contained in the nucleotide sequences of the DNA polynucleotide chain (DNADNA核苷酸序列的多核苷酸链携带的关于蛋白质合成的信息。) |
| 遗传变异 | genetic variation Change in one or more phenotypic characteristics, due to gene mutation or rearrangement, environmental effects, etc. (由于基因改变或重组，环境影响，一个或多个表现型特征的变化。) |
| 遗传多样性 | genetic diversity The variation between individuals and between populations within a species (个体或同一物种种群中的变化。) |
| 遗传学 | genetics The science that is concerned with the study of biological inheritance (研究生物遗传的科学。) |
| 遗传效应 | genetic effect Inheritable change, chiefly mutations produced by chemical substances, herbicides, radiations, etc. (由化学物质，药物，辐射等造成的可遗传的变化，主要是基因突变。) |
| 遗传物质，基因物质 | germ plasm The hereditary material transmitted to the offspring via the gametes (通过交配传播给子代的遗传物质。) |
| 遗传资源 | genetic resource The gene pool in natural and cultivated stocks of organisms that are available for human exploitation. It is desirable to maintain as diverse a range of organisms as possible, particularly of domesticated cultivars and their ancestors, in order to maintain a wide genetic base. The wider the genetic base, the greater the capacity for adaptation to particular environmental conditions (可供人类开发的自然和耕种作物的基因库。为了维持一个广泛的遗传基础库，其中的不同类型的生物越多越好，特别是家养品种和他们的原种。基础库的范围越广，适应特定的环境条件的能力就越大。) |
