| Chinese | English |
| 人文科学 | human science Group of sciences including sociology, anthropology, psychology, pedagogy, etc. as opposed to the humanistic group (包括社会学、人类学、心理学、教育学等的一组科学，与人文主义是相反的。) |
| 国际地球科学与环境科学促进会 | International Association for Advancement of Earth and Environment Sciences |
| 地学与环境科学国际中心 | International Center for Earth and Environmental Sciences |
| 地球科学 | earth science The science that deals with the earth or any part thereof; includes the disciplines of geology, geography, oceanography and meteorology, among others (谈及地球或地球任何部分的科学，其中包括地质学、地理学、海洋学、气象学以及其他学科。) |
| 美国地球和环境科学委员会 | Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences |
| 大气科学 | atmospheric science The atmospheric sciences study the dynamics, physics and chemistry of atmospheric phenomena and processes, including the interactions of the atmosphere with soil physics, hydrology and oceanic circulation. The research focuses on the following areas: turbulence and convection, atmospheric radiation and remote sensing, aerosol and cloud physics and chemistry, planetary atmospheres, air-sea interactions, climate, and statistical meteorology (大气科学研究大气现象及过程的动力学，物理学和化学，包括大气和土地物理，水文学和海洋循环的互相作用。研究关注以下领域：湍流，对流，大气辐射和遥感，悬浮微粒，云物理和云化学，行星大气层，空气和海洋的互相影响，气候，统计气象学。) |
| 大气科学国际规划委员会 | Committee on International Programs in Atmospheric Sciences |
| 联合国大气科学委员会 | Commission for Atmospheric Sciences |
| 美国大气科学研究所 | Institute for Atmospheric Sciences |
| 应用科学 | applied science Science whose results are employed in technical applications (研究成果被用在技术应用中的科学。) |
| 材料科学 | materials science The study of the nature, behaviour, and use of materials applied to science and technology (研究应用于科学技术的材料的性质、性能和用途。) |
| 水科学 | water science The science that treats the occurrence, circulation, distribution, and properties of the waters of the earth, and their reaction with the environment (研究地球上水的发生、流通、分布和特性，以及它们与环境的反应的科学。) |
| 环境模拟科学 | environmental engineering science |
| 环境科学 | environmental science The interdisciplinary study of environmental problems, within the framework of established physical and biological principles, i.e. oriented toward a scientific approach (基于已经建立的生物学和物理学原理，对环境问题进行跨学科研究。也就是以科学方法为方向。) |
| 美国环境科学与工程委员会 | Council for Environmental Science and Engineering |
| 美国环境科学服务局 | Environmental Science Services Administration |
| 美国环境科学研究协作研究所 | Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences |
| 美国环境科学研究所 | Institute of Environmental Sciences |
| 环境及海洋医学科学研究所 | Institute of Environment and Offshore Medicine |
| 生命科学 | life science A science based on living organisms collectively (一种基于所有生物的科学。) |
| 生态小儿科学 | eco-paediatrics Branch of medical science concerning the study and the therapy of children diseases caused by environmental factors (医学的分支，关于环境因素引起幼儿疾病的研究与治疗。) |
| 社会科学 | social science The study of society and of the relationship of individual members within society, including economics, history, political science, psychology, anthropology, and sociology |
| 科学 | science The study of the physical universe and its contents by means of reproducible observations, measurements, and experiments to establish, verify, or modify general laws to explain its nature and behaviour (物质世界和它的内容的研究，通过可重复的观察、测量和试验建立、验证或修改通用的规律来揭示物质世界的实质和行为。) |
| 科学争论 | scientific dispute No definition needed (不需要定义。) |
| 科学仪器设备 | scientific experiment |
| 科学合作 | scientific co-operation |
| 科学和技术信息 | scientific and technical information Knowledge communicated or received pertaining to the systematic study of the physical world or to the mechanical or industrial arts (通过系统学习物质世界或通过学习机制或工业世界获得积累的知识。) |
| 科学委员会 | scientific committee An organized group of persons elected or appointed to discuss scientific matters (被任命的讨论科学问题的人的组织。) |
| 科学技术进步 | technological change Changing of industrial methods by introducing new technology (通过引进新技术以改进工业方法。) |
| 科学政策 | scientific policy A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which promotes or determines the direction for the systematic study, research and experimentation of a particular aspect of the physical or material world, which may lead to scholarly contributions in a branch of knowledge (政府、企业或其它组织采用的一套行为，它推进或决定了物理或物质世界特定领域的系统的学习、研究和实验的方向，可能在知识的某个分支有学术性贡献。) |
| 科学生态 | scientific ecology The study of the interrelationship among living organisms and between organisms and their environment, utilizing the methods or theories of science (生物之间和生物和环境之间的相互关系的研究，这项研究利用了科学的方法或理论。) |
| 科学研究 | scientific research Systematic investigation to establish facts or principles concerning a specific scientific subject (为了建立覆盖某个科学课题的事实基础或原则而做的系统的研究。) |
| 精确科学 | exact science Mathematics and other sciences based on calculation (数学或其他基于计算的科学。) |
| 美国环境科学服务局 | US Environmental Science Services Administration |
| 联合国资源保护和利用科学会议 | United Nations Scientific Conference on the Conservation and Utilization of Resources |
| 自然科学 | physical science The sciences concerned with nonliving matter, energy, and the physical properties of the universe, such as physics, chemistry, astronomy, and geology (宇宙中与科学有关的事物、能源和物理性能，如物理、化学、天文学和地质学。) |
| 自然科学 | natural science The branches of science dealing with objectively measurable phenomena pertaining to the transformation and relationships of energy and matter; includes biology, physics, and chemistry (科学的分支，处理关于能量和物质的转化和相互关系的客观地可测量的现象；包括生物学、物理学和化学。) |
| 行为科学 | behavioural science The study of the behaviour of organisms (对生物体的行为研究。) |
| 跨学科研究 | interdisciplinary research The utilisation, combination and coordination of two or more appropriate disciplines, technologies and humanities in an integrated approach toward environmental problems (对两个或多个合适的学科的利用、组合和协调。这些学科包括技术学科和人文学科等，用以解决环境问题的综合方法) |
| 食品科学 | food science The applied science which deals with the chemical, biochemical, physical, physiochemical, and biological properties of foods (关注食物的化学，生物化学，物理，理化和生物性质的应用科学。) |
