| Chinese | English |
| 一组雷管的平均起爆时间一般稍微偏离标称的起爆时间。这种平均值对公称值的偏移则是第一个影响定时精确的因素。在平均值附近的起爆时间分布是第二个因素 | The mean or average firing time for any group of detonators typically is slightly offset from the nominal firing time. This shift of the mean from the nominal is the first timing accuracy factor. The distribution of the firing times around the mean firing time is the second factor |
| 人们注意到、这种物质很可能悬浮在空中、称为悬浮微粒。并认为这种物质可由人呼进肺腑、穿透肺部的气体交换区 | This material is recognized as being likely to become airborne and farm an aerosol хим. and considered to be capable of being inhaled by humans, penetrating the gas exchange region of the lungs |
| 他们把做衬衫的好几种布样作了比较 | They compare quite a few samples of cloth for shirts |
| 众所周知、所谓温室气体在大气中的浓度增加进而这种气体吸收反射的红外线、导致全球温度上升。据信、大气温室气体浓度的增加、正是近来测到全球气候变暖的原因之一 | Increased atmospheric concentrations of so-called greenhouse gases GHGs are known to increase global temperatures by absorption of reflected infrared radiation and are believed to be contributing to the recently measured global warming |
| 作为一种常见的表面活性剂、烷基苯磺酸盐ABS被广泛用于许多领域 | ABS ABS is widely used in many fields as anionic surfactants |
| 信教人士觉得为孤儿捐钱、或多或少、是慷慨大方的行为、同时也是一种乐趣 | Religious persons feel that contribution, more or less,to orphans is a generous act and a duty as well |
| 再说、这种氧化剂微珠的粒度极小、致使氧化剂与燃料的接触比其他任何双组分炸药的接触更为紧密 | Further, the extremely small particle size of the oxidized droplets results in much more intimate oxidized/Juel contact than exists in any other two-component explosive |
| 冲击波超压这一术语仅指爆破作业时产生的、且超过无所不在的大气压力的一种压力 | The term airblast overpressure means simply a pressure generated during blasting operations above that of atmospheric pressure that is always present |
| 可能引起争论的是、对实际现场条件所引起气体的浓度测量、可提供一种改进的方法 | It might be argued that measurements of gas concentrations arising from real field conditions could provide an improved approach,however such programs would need to cover a wide range of conditions and explosives and could be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming |
| 各种的 | all |
| 同情心虽说是人类的特有情感、但铁石心肠的人不具有这种情感 | Sympathy, which is a feeling characteristic of mankind, is not found in those with marble hearts |
| 在爆破中产生飞石所消耗的能量低于传递给岩石全部能量的1%、因此以这种形式浪费的爆炸能可以说微不足道 | The energy spent in creating flyrock during blasting is less than 1 % of the total energy transferred to the rock, hence the wastage of explosive energy in this form maybe insignificant |
| 在"纯"硝甘炸药中、硝甘是主要能源、因各种活性吸收剂的反应而加强威力 | In'straight' dynamites,nitroglycerin is the principal energy source, augmented by the reaction of various active absorbents。 |
| 在这种情况下爆破的岩石块度大、而且由于冲量相同、岩石的速度和抛掷距离结果变小 | Racks to be blasted in such a case have large masses and,for the same impulse, their velocity and throw distance will be consequently short |
| 安全导火索是用来将燃烧反应传递到雷管发火区的一种介质 | Safety fuse is a medium through which a burning reaction is conveyed at a relatively uniform rate to the ignition area of the blasting cap |
| 对水分的极端敏感和对基本的岩石结构及其破碎特性钝感表明、这种评估方法只可找到有广泛代表性的值 | The extreme sensitivity to moisture content and insensitiveness to the basic rock texture and breakage characteristics suggests that only quite broadly representative values are likely to be generated by this estimation approach |
| 对水分的极端敏感和对基本的岩石结构及其破碎特性钝感表明、这种评估方法只可找到有广泛代表性的值 | The extreme sensitivity to moisture content and insensitivity to the basic rock texture and breakage characteristics suggests that only quite broadly representative values are likely to be generated by this estimation approach |
| 带刺的种子 | burr |
| 应由双方分担的各种费用是个有争议的事项 | Different kinds of costs to be shared by the two parties are an explosive matter |
| 很多实地操作人员把这种求导岩石系数的方法广泛应用于爆破剂破岩研究之中、并证明应用这种方法可以合理地估算所需的爆破强度以及诸多爆破环境下岩石的最终平均过筛粒度 | This approach to the derivation of rock factors has been used by many field operators in a wide range of blasting and fragmentation studies and has been shown to lead to a reasonable estimate of the required blasting intensity and the resulting mean passing size in a wide range of blasting environments |
| 抛掷是破碎岩石在爆炸区内形成爆堆的一种根据计划安排的前向运动 | T-is a planned forward movement of rock fragments that form the muckpile within the blast zone |
| 施工机械的种类施工机械有土地平整、搬运和装载用机械、挖掘用机械、地基施工用机械、压实用机械以及混凝土浇筑机械、拆卸机械等 | types of construction equipment |
| 最近的 20 年、海内外为拆除和建设而开拓了各种行之有效的爆破方法 | In recent two decades different effective blasting methods have been pioneered for destruction and construction at home and overseas |
| 有人证明使用这种破碎带模型、遇到各种岩石和爆破环境时、能可靠地估算过筛直径为1mm 碎岩的比例 | The crushed zone model has been shown to provide a realistic estimate of the proportion of fragments passing 1 mm for a wide variety of materials and blasting situations |
| 本文介绍将爆炸破碎粒度分布估计在 1 微米的方法、以便在各种岩石爆破时、对空气中有可能产生的可呼吸的浮尘作以定量比较 | This paper describes an approach to the estimation of blast fragmentation size distributions down to 1 micron so that quantitative comparisons can be made of the likely generation of air-borne, inhalable and respirable dust when different types of rock are blasted |
| 本研究针对两种岩石、以便将岩体特性的变化趋于最小、并能分析爆破设计参数如炮泥、抵抗线和单位炸药消耗等的影响 | This study is restricted to the two types of rock so that the variations in rock mass properties are minimized and the influence of blast design parameters stemming, burden and specific charge on fly rock distance could be analyzed |
| 火是物体燃烧时产生的亠种自然物质 | F-is a natural product that occurs when something buns |
| 然而、必须注意的是、不管什么生物燃料、其所谓的碳中和性的程度、则随着这种植物的种植、施肥、收割、运输和加工方法、以及能量输人要求的变化而变化 | It must be noted, however, that the extent of so-called" carbon neutrality"of any biofuel varies according to the crop cultivation fertilization,harvesting, transport and processing methods and energy input requirements |
| 然而、必须注意的是、不管什么生物燃料、其所谓的碳中和性的程度、则随着这种植物的种植、施肥、收割、运输和加工方法、以及能量输人要求的变化而变化 | It must be noted, however, that the extent of so-called" carbon neutrality"of any biofuel varies according to the crop cultivation fertilization, harvesting, transport and processing methods and energy input requirements |
| 然而、这样的测量需要涵盖多种条件和炸药、且可能因耗费大、耗时多而受限制 | It might be argued that measurements of gas concentrations arising from real field conditions could provide an improved approach,however such programs would need to cover a wide range of conditions and explosives and could be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming |
| 爆生气体可经过裂缝传播到水平自由面、并产生漏斗效应及随之而来的飞石。飞石表现的这种机理与冲击波的气体释放脉冲密切有关 | blast gases can propagate through cracks to the horizontal free surface and cause cratering and associated flyrock. This mechanism of flyrock manifestation is closely related to the gas release pulse GRP for airblast |
| 爆破是露天采矿作业采掘矿物和矿石的一种主要手段 | Blasting is a primary means of extracting minerals and ores at surface mining operations |
| 特种电雷管具有特种性能与用途的工业电雷管 | special electric detonator |
| 由于对高压气体的过早喷泄进行控制所起的限制作用、飞石飞行距离随炮泥长度的增加而递减的这种趋势是显而易见的 | The decreasing trend of flyrock distance with increasing stemming length is obvious from the role of confinement in controlling premature venting of high pressure gases |
| 由于膨胀气体挤压这种物质、致使能量损失速度快、爆后产物的压力和温度迅速下降。这些损失作为膨胀波传到反应区之内、因而降低了压力和反应速率、且最终消除了对爆震波面传播的能量支持 | As the expanding gases compress such material, energy is lost rapidly and pressure and temperature drop sharply in the reaction products. These losses are communicated to the interior of the reaction zone as a rarefaction wave, lowering the pressure and reaction rate, and ultimately removing support far the propagation of the detonation front |
| 由于这种带有根本性的反应驱动爆轰过程、所以是不可避免的 | Since this fundamental reaction drives the detonation process it cannot be avoided |
| 白种的 | white |
| 经验表明、这种方法往往高估了大多爆破场景的最大粒度 | Experience indicates that this tends to overestimate the top size in most blasting situations |
| 给湿孔装药时,用以控制炸药密度和感度的化学气泡法是爆破作业一种常见的方法 | chemical gassing to control product density and sensitivity when loading wet holes is now common in the industry |
| 耕种的 | agricultural |
| 药柱和水的扬程压力不会改变这种炸药的密度 | The two advantages of glass microbubbles are the operator does not need to be concerned with sensitizing the mix and the head pressure of the column of explosive and water does not change the density of the composition |
| 这种含微球炸药产品的黏度与非敏化的乳化炸药相比、通常是加大了 | The viscosity of the microsphere-containing product is usually increased compared to non-sensitized emulsion |
| 这种解释对我们了解他的生平故事很重要 | This explanation is of concern to our understanding of his lifetime story |
| 通常用于爆破设计和破碎模型中的这些参数、都是静态的、而非动态性质、只不过在用于模型时经验因素弥补了这种反常 | The parameters that are generally used in blast design and fragmentation modeling are the static rather than the dynamic properties, but empirical factors used in the models compensate for this anomaly |
| 造成这种问题的原因是嫌成本高、要求的技术难度大、以及供货商的态度 | Among the reasons for this were the perceived higher cost, the greater sophistication required, and supplier attitudes |
| 采用立井、斜井、平碉等任何两种或两种以上的井田开拓方式 | combined development |
| 采矿时喷发的爆炸气体实际成分没法准确定论、这就是说、像甲烷这种有严重潜在危害的温室气体没法准确量化 | The actual make-up of detonation gases emitted on mines cannot be accurately determined and this means that potentially powerful GHGs like CH₄ cannot be quantified with any certainty |
