| Chinese | English |
| 分离 | separation The separation of one substance from another when they are intimately mixed. For example the removal of oil from water, or gas from oil or oil from gas, etc. (当物质混合在一起时从中分离出某种物质。例如从水中去除油或从油中去除气或从气中去除油等。) |
| 分离 | racking The mechanical dewatering of a wet solid by pouring off the liquid without disturbing the underlying sediment or precipitate (一种给湿的物体脱水的机制，通过脱去液体保留沉积物的方式脱水。) |
| 分离 解，相，束，流，样器 | splitter |
| 分离器 | separator A machine for separating materials of different specific gravity by means of water or air (分离水或空气中不同比重物质的设备。) |
| 分离器 | particle separator A device for segregation of solid particles by size range, as a screening (一种对所含固体颗粒进行的分离的装置，并可设置筛选尺寸的范围。) |
| 分离的排水系统 | separate sewer system Sewer system having distinct pipes for collecting superficial water and sewage water (排水系统，有不同的管道搜集地表水和污水。) |
| 吹气分离器 | air separator |
| 氢离子浓度负对数值 | pH-value |
| 电离层 | ionosphere A region of the earth's atmosphere, extending from about 60 to 1000 kilometers above the earth's surface, in which there is a high concentration of free electrons formed as a result of ionizing radiation entering the atmosphere from space (地球的大气层区域，位于地球表面以上大约60至1000公里，其中有由于从太空进入大气的的电离辐射而形成的高浓度自由电子。) |
| 电离放射线 | ionising radiation Radiation that is capable of energizing atoms sufficiently to remove electrons from them. In this state atoms become more reactive, so that ionizing radiation increases chemical activity and in this way produces biological effects, including effects that involve alterations induced in DNA. X-rays and gamma-rays are the only electromagnetic waves that cause ionization in biological material (能够使原子充分通电并移除其电子的射线。在这种状态下原子的活性增强，因此电离射线可以增强化学反应性，通过这种方式可以产生生物效应，包括诱导DNA改变。X射线和伽玛射线是仅有的对生物材料造成电离的电磁波。) |
| 离子 | ion An electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons (带电原子或因丧失或获得一个或多个电子形成的原子组。) |
| 离子交换 | ion exchange The process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble solid, usually a resin (离子在溶液和不溶性固体间的交换过程，不溶性固体通常为一种合成树脂。) |
| 离子交换器 | ion exchanger A permanent insoluble material (usually a synthetic resin) which contains ions that will exchange reversibly with other ions in a surrounding solution. Both cation and anion exchangers are used in water conditioning. The volume of an ion exchanger is measured in cubic liters of exchanger after the exchanger bed has been backwashed and drained, and has settled into place (一种永久不溶性物质(通常是一种合成树脂)，其中包含可以与周围溶液中另外的离子进行可逆交换的离子。阳离子和阴离子交换均采用水环境。一个离子交换器的容积在其交换床被冲洗、沥干、放置后使用立方分米/公升度量。) |
| 离心法 | centrifugation Separation of particles from a suspension in a centrifuge: balanced tubes containing the suspension are attached to the opposite ends of arms rotating rapidly about a central point; the suspended particles are forced outwards, and collect at the bottoms of the tubes (在离心机中从悬浮液中分离粒子：将装有悬浮液的平衡管连接到绕着中心点快速旋转的臂的相对的终端；悬浮的粒子被强行向外运动，并且收集到试管的底部。) |
| 被迫离家者 | displaced person Persons who, for different reasons or circumstances, have been compelled to leave their homes (因各种理由或情势，被迫强制离开家园的人。) |
| 轻液体分离器 | separator of light liquids A mechanical device for separating and removing residues from fuel and lubricating oil from waste water coming from filling stations and industrial plants in order to avoid pollution of water bodies; this system is based on the different specific weights of water and fuel residues that float on the water and can be easily removed (一种机械设备，用于从燃料中分离和去除残渣和从来自加油站和工厂的废水中去除润滑油，这是为了避免污染水体；该系统基于水的不同比重，浮在水上的燃料残渣可以容易地被去掉。) |
| 长距离输导系统 | long-distance conducting system |
| 阳离子 | cation A positively charged atom or group of atoms, or a radical which moves to the negative pole (cathode) during electrolysis (带正电荷的原子或者一组原子，或者在电解时趋向负极(到阴极)的原子团。) |
| 阴离子 | anion An ion that is negatively charged (带负电的离子。) |
| 非电离性辐射 | non-ionising radiation Radiation that does not change the structure of atoms but does heat tissue and may cause harmful biological effects (不改变原子结构但使组织变热并可能导致有害的生物效应的辐射。) |
