tundish cover(【技】中间包覆盖剂：加人到中间包内钢水面上的保护渣，其主要功能是：隔离钢水和空气，减轻钢水的二次氧化；吸收从钢水中分离出来的非金属夹杂物；保持钢水的热量，减少温度损失以及在较长时间使用后仍能保持性能稳定。: Resin-bonded magnesia dams and weirs were used at both casters to improve steel flow in tundish and ensure that the steel was brought into sufficient contact with the tundish cover. 将树脂结合的镁质坝堰用于这两台连铸机，从而改善了中间包内的钢水流动，保证了钢水与中间包覆盖剂充分接触。)
water-cooled roof(The ladle furnace is lined with a basic lining and equipped with inert gas stirring device, heating system and water-cooled roof. 这座钢包炉衬有碱性炉衬，装备有惰性气体搅拌装置、加热系统和水冷炉顶。)
slag cover(The heating process is usually operated with a slag cover on the bath in the ladle, thus avoiding excessive wear of the ladle lining due to arc radiation. 加热操作时，钢包熔池面上通常有渣覆盖层，以避免电弧辐射对钢包衬造成过度侵蚀。)
covering tuyere during splash(The problem of covering the tuyere during splash has been solved with increased gas pressures and flows. 溅渣时炉渣覆盖炉底喷嘴的问题已通过提高喷气压力和流量得以解决。)
roof ring(电炉的: Although water cooling was used to a limited extent in older furnace designs for cooling of the roof ring and door jambs, modem EAFs are largely made up of water-cooled panels. 虽然在老式电弧炉设计中水冷局限于炉盖圈和炉门框的水冷，但是现代电弧炉大多采用水冷炉壁。)
