| environ. | 土壤盐碱化 | soil salination The accumulation of soluble mineral salts near the surface of soil, usually caused by the capillary flow of water from saline ground water. Where the rate of surface evaporation is high, irrigation can exacerbate the problem by moistening the soil and causing water to be drawn from deeper levels as water evaporates from the surface. The evaporation of pure water leaves the salts behind, allowing them to accumulate, and they can reach concentrations that are toxic to plants, thus sterilizing the land (土壤表面的可溶天然盐的积累，通常是由地下水盐碱水的毛细流引起的。表面蒸发速度快，由于土壤滋润可以得出的水从表面更深层次蒸发，灌溉会加剧这一问题。 纯净水蒸发后留下的盐的积累达到一定浓度就对植物具有毒性，因此破坏土壤。) |
