| Chinese | English |
| 三级的废物处理 | tertiary waste treatment |
| 从沉淀室排出的在养殖单元底部积累的固体物质和水的混合物。污水处理中：在大部分液体从污水中被除去后保留下来的泥泞、半固体沉淀物. | sludge |
| 初级的废物处理 | primary waste treatment |
| 动物生理学 | animal physiology Study of the normal processes and metabolic functions of animal organisms (对于动物组织的正常处理和代谢的研究。) |
| 双重废弃物管理 | dual waste management To reduce the quantity of packaging waste, and thereby of overall MSW, Germany introduced a far-reaching legislation to reduce waste, based on the producer's responsibility principle. Industry was given the option to set up a third party organization which would carry out the collection and sorting of sales packaging for care of manufacturers and retailers. Thus, Some 600 companies created "Duales System Deutschland" in 1990 ("Dual" because it meant creating a second collection system in parallel to the existing waste collection system of the local authorities). Duales System Deutschland (DSD), now has overall responsibility for the separate collection and recycling of packaging. At present, the Dual System is the only nationwide system for the collection and sorting of sales packaging. Packaging participating in this collection system is marked with the Green Dot (基于生产者职责的理念，德国提出广泛的废弃物减排法律来降低包装废弃物的数量。 各产业可以选择建立第三者的组织来收集和整理生产商、零售商销售所用的包装。 因此，1990年，600家公司创立了"德国双重系统"(用"双重"是指除了当地政府的现存废弃物收集系统之外，同时创立第二个收集系统)。目前，德国双重系统(DSD)对包装的分类收集和回收有全面性的责任，双重系统是唯一的包装收集和回收的国家级系统。参与该收集系统的包装标有绿色标志。) |
| 固体废弃物管理局 | Bureau of Solid Waste Management |
| 固体废物管理与应急处理处 | Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response |
| 地球物理学 | geophysics The physics of the earth and its environment, that is, earth, air and space (地球和地球环境的物理构造，也就是地球、大气和太空。) |
| 地球物理环境 | geophysical environment The physical earth and its surroundings, consisting of the oceans and inland waters, lower and upper atmosphere, space, land masses and land forms (物理上的地球和其包围的环境，包括海洋、内陆水、低空和高空大气圈、太空、陆地块、陆地地形等。) |
| 大气物理 | atmospheric physics The study of the physical phenomena of the atmosphere (研究大气中物理现象的科学。) |
| 工业废物处理 | industrial waste treatment |
| 废物的化学处理 | chemical treatment of waste |
| 废物管理 | waste management The total supervision of waste production, handling, processing, storage, and transport from its point of generation to its final acceptable disposal (从废物的产生、处理、加工、存储以及从产生地到最终可接受处理的运输的总监督。) |
| 放射性废物最后处理 | terminal disposal of radwaste |
| 核物理 | nuclear physics The study of the characteristics, behaviour and internal structures of the atomic nucleus (原子核的特征、行为和内部结构的研究。) |
| 原子核物理学 | nuclear physics |
| 植物检疫处理 | phytosanitary treatment Removal of heavy metals from water by the employment of plants or treatment by which plant organisms act to degrade hazardous organic contaminants or transform hazardous inorganic contaminants to environmentally safe levels in soils, subsurface materials, water, sludges, and residues (从水中去除重金属，由植物降解有机污染物，减轻危害行为，实现环保安全。降低危险无机污染物在土壤表层材料的水平，包括水、污泥、残留。) |
| 植物生理学 | plant physiology The study of the function and chemical reactions within the various organs of plants (,植物不同器官的功能和化学反应。) |
| 植物病理学 | phytopathology The study of plant diseases and their control (植物病和对其控制的研究。) |
| 次级的废物处理 | secondary waste treatment |
| 欧共体关于废弃物处理的指示 | EC directive on waste disposal EC Directive whose main object concerns waste prevention, recycling and transformation into alternative energy sources (欧共体的指示，其主要目标包括废弃物的预防、回收，以及将其转化成替代能源。) |
| 美国毒性物质管理法案 | Toxic Substance Control Act |
| 污染的物理测量 | physical measurement of pollution The quantitative determination of the presence, extent or type of pollutant substances in the environment using mechanical means, including optical, electrical, acoustical and thermodynamic techniques (定量测定污染存在的程度和类型，污染物的测定中使用的机械方法包括：光学、电子学、声学和热力学的基本技术。) |
| 污水与工业废物处理协会联合会 | Federation of Sewage and Industrial Wastes Association |
| 物理化学 | physical chemistry A science dealing with the effects of physical phenomena on chemical properties (研究物理现象的效果及化学性质的学科。) |
| 物理化学分析 | physicochemical analysis Analysis based on the physical changes associated with chemical reactions (根据物理变化分析联合化学反应。) |
| 物理化学提纯 | physicochemical purification Used to concentrate waste brines and to remove solid organics and ammonia from aqueous solutions. Physical treatment consists of reverse osmosis, dialysis, electrodialysis, evaporation, carbon, adsorption, ammonia stripping, filtration, sedimentation, and flocculation. Chemical treatment consists of ion exchange, neutralization, oxidation, reduction, precipitation, and calcination (用来集中精力去除固体有机食品中的氨。物理处理方法包括反渗透、透析、电渗析、蒸发、二氧化碳、吸附、氨剥离、过滤、沉降、絮凝。化学处理方法包括离子交换、中和、氧化、还原、降水、灼烧。) |
| 物理化学的处理 | physicochemical treatment Any processing of wastewater, toxic substances or other materials involving a combination of physical and chemical methods, such as physical processes including air-stripping or filtration and chemical processes including coagulation, chlorination or ozonation (废水的处理、借助物理和化工方法的组合毒性物质或者其它材料，例如物理过程包括空气剥离或滤清，而化学过程包括凝固、氯化或者臭氧化。) |
| 物理化学过程 | physicochemical process Processes involving changes in the physical properties and chemical structure of substances (变化过程中的物理性质和化学结构。) |
| 物理变更 | physical alteration Any change in a body or substance that does not involve an alteration in its chemical composition (身体上的任何改变或物质变化，但并不包括水作为化学成分的变化。) |
| 物理处理 | physical treatment Processes that separate components of a waste stream or change the physical form of the waste without altering the chemical structure of the constituent materials. Physical treatment techniques are often used to separate the materials within the waste stream so that they can be reused or detoxified by chemical or biological treatment or destroyed by high-temperature incineration (分离废料流中的各种成分或改变废料的物理形态，而不改变其化学结构组成。物理处理技术经常用来分离废料流，以便它们可以通过化学或生物或解毒疗法重用，或被高温焚烧销毁。) |
| 物理学 | physics The study of those aspects of nature which can be understood in a fundamental way in terms of elementary principles and laws (可以用基本方法了解基本原则和自然规律那些方面的研究。) |
| 物理属性 | physical property Property of a compound that can change without involving a change in chemical composition (无需化学成分的变化就能改变的属性。) |
| 物理性污染 | physical pollution The introduction or presence of harmful substances or forces in the environment that cause damage to the environment and its processes due to their material actions, as through vibration, thermal alteration or electromagnetic radiation (由于材料的运动引入有害物质或对环境造成损害，如通过振动、热变更或电磁辐射等。) |
| 物理污染物 | physical pollutant A pollutant characterized by its influence on environmental conditions caused by forces and operations of physics, such as noise, microwave radiation, vibration, etc. (按照该物质对环境状况污染的特点来分类，例如噪声、微波辐射、振动等。) |
| 物理海洋学 | physical oceanography The study of the physical aspects of the ocean, the movements of the sea, and the variability of these factors in relationship to the atmosphere and the ocean bottom (从物理方面研究运动的大海，各种因素的变化，以及这些因素与大气和海洋底部的关系。) |
| 物理状态 | physical conditions |
| 物理环境 | physical environment The material surroundings of a system, process or organism (系统、过程或生物体的周围物质。) |
| 物理胁迫 | physical stress |
| 物理过程 | physical process A continuous action or series of changes which alters the material form of matter (修改问题的物质形式变动的连续作用或系列。) |
| 物种管理区国际自然与自然资源保护联合会 | species management area |
| 环境与工程地球物理学会 | Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society |
| 生物物理学 | biophysics The hybrid science involving the application of physical principles and methods to study and explain the structures of living organisms and the mechanics of life processes (一种混合科学，涉及到物理原理和方法的应用以研究和解释生物结构和生命过程的力学。) |
| 生物伦理学 | bioethics The study of ethical problems arising from biological research and its applications in such fields as organ transplantation, genetic engineering, or artificial insemination (在那些器官移植、基因工程或者人工受精等领域中，生物学研究及其应用引起的伦理问题的研究。) |
| 生物地理化学循环 | biogeochemical cycle Movement of chemical elements in a circular pathway, from organisms to physical environment, back to organisms. The process is termed a nutrient cycle if the elements concerned are trace elements, which are essential to life. A biogeochemical cycle occurs when vegetation decomposes and minerals are incorporated naturally in the humus for future plant growth (化学元素的运动循环，从生物到物理环境，回到生物。如果相关元素是微量元素，这个过程被称为一个养分循环，是生命的基础。一个生物地理化学循环发生在植被分解，矿物为未来植物生长被自然用于腐殖质。) |
| 生物地理区域 | biogeographical region Area of the Earth's surface defined by the species of fauna and flora it contains (根据所包含的动植物物种来定义的地球表面区域。) |
| 生物地理学研究动植物的地理分布, 与动物和植物的地理分布有关的科学。 | biogeography The science concerned with the geographical distribution of animal and plant life |
| 生物处理 | biological treatment Process that uses microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, or into simpler organic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of a biological treatment system is to control the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and provide a means for maintaining high concentration of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes (使用微生物将有机物分解成水、二氧化碳和简单的无机物，或者简单的有机物，如醛和酸。一个生物处理系统的目的是控制的微生物的环境，来增强它们的生长和活动，并为维护与废弃物接触高浓度的微生物方法。提供一个方法来维持那些与废弃物接触的微生物的高浓度。) |
| 生物废气处理 | biological waste gas purification Processes for removing impurities from waste gas based on the employing of microorganisms (从使用微生物得到的废气中去除杂质的过程。) |
| 生物废水处理 | biological wastewater treatment Types of wastewater treatment in which biochemical or bacterial action is intensified to oxidize and stabilize the unstable organic matter present. Examples of this type of treatment use intermittent sand filters, trickling filters, and activated sludge processes and sludge digestion (废水处理的类型，通过生化或细菌作用，使目前的不稳定有机质被氧化和变得稳定。这种类型的例子，是使用间歇性砂过滤器，滴滤池，活性污泥法处理及污泥消化。) |
| 生物废物处理 | biological waste treatment A generic term applied to processes that use microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of biological waste treatment is to control either the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and to provide a means for maintaining high concentrations of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes (一个适用于使用微生物分解有机物的过程的通用术语。微生物把有机废弃物分解成水、二氧化碳和简单的无机物质，如醛和酸。对生物废料处理的目的是控制微生物的环境使得它们的生长和活动得到增强，并且提供一个方法来维护与废弃物接触得微生物的高浓度。) |
| 空气和废物管理协会 | Air and Waste Management Association |
| 辐射物理学 | radiation physics The study of ionizing radiation and its effects on matter (研究电离辐射和它的影响。) |
| 难处理废弃物 | hard-to-dispose-of waste Discarded material, often hazardous or in large volume, for which there is no obvious disposal route (通常由于有毒或具有较大体积，而没有明显的处置途径的废弃物质。) |
| 集中式废物处理 | centralized waste treatment |
| 美国食品与药物管理局 | Food and Drug Administration |
