| Chinese | English |
| 人类对污染物的暴露量 | human exposure to pollutants |
| 引起全球变暖的污染物 | global warming pollutants |
| 化学污染物 | chemical pollutant |
| 卤化污染物 | halogenated pollutant An organic compound bonded with one of the five halogen elements (astatine, bromine, chlorine, fluorine, and iodine). Several of these compounds contribute to reductions in the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere (与五种卤素元素(砈、溴、氯、氟、碘)中的任何一种元素键结的有机化合物。许多此类化合物会减少平流层中臭氧的浓度。) |
| 可生物降解的污染物 | biodegradable pollutant A pollutant which can be converted by biological processes into simple inorganic molecules (一个可以由生物过程转化为简单的无机分子的污染物。) |
| 噪声污染物 | noise pollutant Noise in the environment which can be harmful to human beings, animals and plants (在环境中可对人体、动物和植物造成伤害的噪声。) |
| 国家污染物排放处置系统制度 | National Pollution Discharge Elimination System |
| 土壤污染物 | soil pollutant Solid, liquid and gaseous substances that detrimentally alter the natural condition of the soil (改变土壤的自然状况的，有害的固态、液态和气态物质。) |
| 城市污染物 | urban pollutant |
| 当地发射污染物 | local emitters |
| 微量污染物 | micropollutant Pollutant which exists in very small traces in water (存在于水中非常小的痕迹的污染物。) |
| 持久性有机污染物 | persistent organic pollutant (在环境中不能降解且保持原状的有机污染物。更强的持久性污染物也许会导致更有害的环境效果。 (Organic pollutants that do not break down chemically and remain in the environment. Pollutants with higher persistence may produce more harmful environmental effects)) |
| 持久的有机污染物质简写为POP | persistent organic pollutant |
| 放射性污染物 | radioactive pollutant A substance undergoing spontaneous decay or disintegration of atomic nuclei and giving off radiant energy in the form of particles or waves, often associated with an explosion of a nuclear weapon or an accidental release from a nuclear power plant, holding facility or transporting container (物质的原子核自然分解并以粒子或微波的形式释放射线。这种污染多发生在核武器爆炸或核能工厂、收容所或运输容器的事故中。) |
| 无机污染物 | inorganic pollutant A pollutant of mineral origin and not of basically carbon structure (源自矿物且基本不含碳结构的一种污染物。) |
| 美国有害有机污染物国家排放标准 | Hazardous Organic National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants |
| 美国有害有机污染物国家排放标准 | Hazardous Organic Neshap |
| 有害空气污染物 | hazardous air pollutants |
| 有害空气污染物 | hazardous air pollutant |
| 有机污染物 | organic pollutant A plant- or animal-produced pollutant containing mainly carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (植物或动物产生的污染物，主要含碳、氢和氧。) |
| 有机污染物的持久性 | persistence of pesticides The ability of a chemical to retain its molecular integrity and hence its physical, chemical, and functional characteristics in the environment through which such a chemical may be transported and distributed for a considerable period of time (具备这种能力的化学物质，能保持其分子完整性的物理、化学和功能特点。在环境中，这样的化学物质可能被保持一段时间。) |
| 气态污染物 | gaseous pollutant |
| 气状污染物 | gaseous air pollutant Uncondensed or volatile gases, usually comprised of chemical compounds, discharged to the atmosphere (凝结或挥发性气体，通常是化合物，排放到大气中。) |
| 水污染物 | water pollutant A chemical or physical agent introduced to any body of water that may detrimentally alter the natural condition of that body of water and other associated bodies of water (引入到任何水体中、可能对水体的自然条件和其它相关水体产生不利改变的化学或物理因素。) |
| 污染物 | pollutant remobilization |
| 污染物 | pollutant Any substance, usually a residue of human activity, which has an undesirable effect upon the environment (通常是人类活动的残留物质，对环境有不良影响。) |
| 污染物停止流通 | pollutant immobilisation The treatment process used to reduce the solubility of pollutants in order to minimize possible migration or leaching or to prepare for their disposal (在处理过程中用来减少污染物的溶解性，为了减少污染物可能的迁移或为处理做准备。) |
| 污染物减少 | pollutant reduction All measures aimed at reducing pollutants often through physical or chemical removal of toxic, or potentially toxic, materials (所有旨在减少污染物的措施，通常是通过物理或化学清除有毒、或潜在有毒的材料。) |
| 污染物分布 | pollutant distribution Arrangement, or pattern, associated with the occurrence of pollutants over a geographical area (某个地理区域污染物的布置和分布模式。) |
| 污染物分析 | pollutant analysis The determination of the composition of any substance that causes pollution, using classical laboratory techniques and other methods involving analytical chemistry (任何导致污染的物质的确定构成，使用古典介入分析化学的实验技术和其它方法。) |
| 污染物动员 | pollutant mobilisation |
| 污染物危害 | hazard of pollutants Risk or danger to human health, property or the environment posed by the introduction of a harmful substances into the ecosystem (有害物质引入生态系统后，对人体健康、财产或环境所造成的危害与风险。) |
| 污染物吸附 | pollutant absorption The process by which a pollutant is physically incorporated into another substance or body (污染物被完全合并到另一种物质或体内的过程。) |
| 污染物形成 | pollutant formation The act or process in which polluting agents are created, produced or formed (污染代理创建、产生或形成的过程。) |
| 污染物扩散 | pollutant dispersion The spreading of pollutants from a point of release in air, soil and water. The dispersion of air pollutants is heavily influenced by how and where the pollutant is emitted, e.g., by continuous low-level versus accidental releases, multiple stacks versus a few, or the height of the stacks. The nature of the local terrain meteorology and the chemistry of the released material strongly influence the pattern of regional and, finally, global dispersion and transport (污染物通过传播释放到空气、土壤和水中。空气污染物扩散的问题是在哪里及如何处理污染物的排放，例如通过连续的少量的释放，或多重叠加的释放。局部地形气象学和化学物质属性会强烈影响释放的模式。最后，污染物扩散涉及到区域和全球的分散性和运输。) |
| 污染物暴露 | pollutant exposure The act or state of being subjected to a substance that adversely affects human health, property or the environment (一种物质的活动和状态，会使人体健康、财产、环境受到不利影响。) |
| 污染物来源证明 | pollutant source identification |
| 污染物水平 | pollutant level A value representing the concentration of a polluting agent in a specified area, often determined by a measuring and recording device (在一个特定的区域代表污染浓度的一个值，通常由测量和记录设备决定。) |
| 污染物流程 | pollutant flow The forward continuous motion or diffusion of polluting substances, or the rate or quantity in which polluting substances move from one place to another (在分析的基础上，得出污染物从一个地方移到另一个地方扩散的连续过程，或扩散率，或扩散数量。) |
| 污染物浓度 | pollutant concentration A measure of the amount of a polluting substance in a given amount of water, soil, air, food or other medium (测定污染物质在给定的水、土、空气、食物或其它媒介中的量。) |
| 污染物淤积 | pollutant deposition The act or process in which polluting agents settle or accumulate naturally in ecosystems (一种行为或过程，在该过程中，污染物自然地安置和累积。) |
| 污染物监测 | pollutant monitoring Periodic or continuous determination of the amount of pollutants present in the environment (周期性的或连续的确定污染物在环境中存在的量。) |
| 污染物累积 | pollutant accumulation The process by which concentrations of pollutants progressively increase in the tissues of living organisms in environments where these pollutants are present (在这个过程中，生物群落生活的环境中污染物浓度逐步增加。) |
| 污染物质 | pollutant |
| 污染物质 | polluted matter A solid, liquid or gas that has been contaminated, rendered impure or made unsafe for use (被污染的固体、液体或者气体，成分变得不纯，或使用不安全。) |
| 污染物迁移 | pollutant migration Uncontrolled movement, caused by percolation or other processes, of liquid or gaseous polluting materials from an original source area into other parts of an ecosystem (未受管制的污染物移动，造成渗透或其它过程，液体或气体从一个初始源区域进入生态系统的其它部分。) |
| 污染物途径 | pollutant pathway The retraceable route of a pollutant, from its source, through its interactions with the environment, and finally to its effect upon a target ecosystem or target organisms (从源头上可追溯的污染物，通过它与环境的相互作用最终影响目标生态系统或特定生物。) |
| 污染物释入 | pollutant immission The transfer of solid, liquid, or gaseous contaminants in the air, water, and soil (固体、液体或者气体污染物进入空气、水和土壤。) |
| 污染物鉴定 | identification of pollutants The determination of the specific substance or substances that are causing pollution (确定特定物质或引起污染的物质。) |
| 污染物降解 | pollutant degradation The physical, chemical or biological breakdown of a complex polluting material into simpler components (在物理、化学、生物分解作用下，将成分复杂的污染物变成简单的成分。) |
| 水污染生物指数 | biologic al index of water pollution |
| 污染的物理测量 | physical measurement of pollution The quantitative determination of the presence, extent or type of pollutant substances in the environment using mechanical means, including optical, electrical, acoustical and thermodynamic techniques (定量测定污染存在的程度和类型，污染物的测定中使用的机械方法包括：光学、电子学、声学和热力学的基本技术。) |
| 污染的生物效应 | biological effect of pollution Effects of pollution on living systems (污染对生物系统的的影响。) |
| 物理污染物 | physical pollutant A pollutant characterized by its influence on environmental conditions caused by forces and operations of physics, such as noise, microwave radiation, vibration, etc. (按照该物质对环境状况污染的特点来分类，例如噪声、微波辐射、振动等。) |
| 物理性污染 | physical pollution The introduction or presence of harmful substances or forces in the environment that cause damage to the environment and its processes due to their material actions, as through vibration, thermal alteration or electromagnetic radiation (由于材料的运动引入有害物质或对环境造成损害，如通过振动、热变更或电磁辐射等。) |
| 生物污染物 | biological pollutant Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and mammal and bird antigens that may be present in the environment and cause many health effects (可存在于环境中，导致许多健康影响的那些病毒，细菌，真菌和哺乳动物和鸟类抗原。) |
| 生物污染 | biological pollution Disturbance of the ecological balance by the accidental or deliberate introduction of a foreign organism, animal or plant species into an environment (意外地或故意把外来生物引进到环境中，对生态平衡造成的紊乱。) |
| 生物污染 | biological contamination The presence in the environment of living organisms or agents derived by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and mammal and bird antigens that can cause many health effects (环境中那些可导致许多健康问题的现象，这些现象由生物体或由病毒、细菌、真菌、哺乳动物和鸟类抗原因素引起。) |
| 生物蓄积性污染物 | bioaccumulative pollutant Pollutants that become concentrated in living organisms through the consumption of food or water (通过食物或水的消耗，在生物体中逐渐积累的污染物。) |
| 矿物污染 | mineral pollution Pollution deriving from all classes of mining operations and having an adverse effect on aquatic life, water supplies and the recreational use of waters (污染源于各类采矿业务，对水生生物、供水和水的休养使用产生不利影响。) |
| 空气污染物 | air pollutant Any pollutant agent or combination of such agents, including any physical, chemical, biological, radioactive substance or matter which is emitted into or otherwise enters the ambient air and can, in high enough concentrations, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material (污染物的代理或代理组合，包括任何发射或进入周围空气的物理、化学、生物或放射性物质，其浓度高到足以伤害到人类、动物、植物或其它物质。) |
| 美国空气有害污染物国家排放标准 | National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants |
| 引起臭氧损耗的污染物 | ozone depleting pollutants |
| 金属污染物 | metal contaminant |
| 零污染物排出 | zero discharge of pollutant |
| 非生物降解的污染物 | non-biodegradable pollutant An organic compound, usually synthetic, that is not decomposed or mineralized by microorganisms or other biological processes (一种有机化合物，通常是合成的，即不分解或由微生物或其它生物过程矿化。) |
| 食品污染物 | food pollutant Potentially harmful substances in any food consumed by humans, or other animals, including inorganic and organic chemicals, viruses and bacteria (食物中的潜在有害物质，被人类或其他动物使用，包括无机和有机化学物质，病毒和细菌。) |
