| Chinese | English |
| 从预测大气模型和测声设备中获得的数据输人到大气折射模型、从而能评价气象对爆炸现场周边区域内的冲击波能级的影响 | Real-time data from a predictive meteorological model and sounding equipment is input to an atmospheric refraction model that enables the effect of meteorology on airblast levels in the area surrounding the blast site to be evaluated |
| 台阶爆破的三维模型马鞍山矿山研究院提出的台阶深孔爆破矿岩破碎三维模型，简称 BMMC 模型。该模型以应力波理论为基础,以岩石单位表面能指标作为岩石破碎的基本判据，通过计算机模拟可获得爆破块度预报 | three-dimensional model for bench blasting |
| 合成应力爆破模型在长时间内具有具体描述爆破过程的潜力、但目前只应用在研究中 | In the long term, a hybrid stress blasting model has the potential to provide a practical description of the blasting process but is currently limited to research applications |
| 唯有近来建立的这个破碎模型才在爆破行业内广为人们接受 | Only this recent fragment model has won general acceptance across the blasting industry |
| 因为缺乏成熟的机械破碎模型、爆破行业只好依赖经验方法 | The blasting industry has had to rely on empirical approaches in the absence of a proven mechanistic fragmentation model |
| 对所预测的碎岩粒度分布的粗端往往给以过高估计、这是因为碎岩最大粒度不受模型中岩体结构的影响 | The coarse end of the predicted fragmentation size distribution is often over-estimated because the fragment top size is not influenced by the structure of the rock mass in the model |
| 岩石爆破的分形损伤模型岩石爆破的分形损伤模型的核心，是在损伤模型的基础上，借助分形几何理论,建立岩石爆破破坏过程中，裂纹分布分形的变化与损伤演化的关系。将这样的关系与岩石的本构方程联立,即可形成数值分析的封闭方程组 | theoretical model of fractal damage for rock blasting |
| 岩石爆破的弹性理论模型基于岩石弹性破坏准则建立的模型。弹性破坏准则认为岩石是均质的,岩石的破坏是其中的应力超过应力极限所致，在此之前岩石是弹性的 | elasticity theory model for rock blasting |
| 岩石爆破的损伤理论模型损伤破坏准则认为，岩石中含有大量的缺陷称为损伤。岩石的破坏是应力作用下损伤增长和不断积累的结果。损伤模型是由裂纹密度、损伤演化规律和用有效模量表达的岩石本构方程的三部分组成的 | damage theory model far rock blasting |
| 岩石爆破的断裂理论模型断裂力学理论认为:岩石可视为含有微裂纹的脆性材料，岩石的爆破破碎过程可用裂纹扩展的理论来解释。由此,发展了岩石爆破的断裂理论模型，其中有代表性的是 BCM 模型和 NAG-FRAG 模型 | fracture theory model for rock blasting |
| 折叠及倒塌过程中运动的力学模型 | mechanical model of movement in the process of folding and collapsing |
| 排放系数用来估算因爆破释放到大气中的飞尘量、而这里所报道的模型则估算爆堆碎为尘粒后的整个比例 | The emission factors are intended to estimate the amount of dust liberated into the atmosphere by the blast, whereas the modeling reported here estimates the total proportion of the muck pile broken to dust sized particles |
| 有人证明使用这种破碎带模型、遇到各种岩石和爆破环境时、能可靠地估算过筛直径为1mm 碎岩的比例 | The crushed zone model has been shown to provide a realistic estimate of the proportion of fragments passing 1 mm for a wide variety of materials and blasting situations |
| 杨氏等人的模型杨氏等人的模型认为，岩石中裂纹的起裂与扩展是由延展应变〈extensional strain〉决定的，当岩石中某点的延展应变大于某临界值时，原有裂纹起裂、扩展。延展应变定义为岩石中某点的主拉应变〈tensile strain〉、对数应变之和 | Young et al's model |
| 气候学家预测、包括冰层大规模融化在内的可怕后果、改变了区域性气候类型、正在引发更为强劲的热浪、旱涝、热带疾病的蔓延以及海平面的最终上升 | Climate scientists predict dire consequences including extensive melting of ice sheets, changed regional weather patterns causing more intense heat waves, droughts and floods, the spread of tropical diseases and eventual rises in sea level |
| 爆破模型的不确定因素 | uncertainty of blasting models |
| 由于岩石破碎不理想、影响到开采计划的实施、进而影响到开采成本、常用的爆破破碎模型只能对破碎曲线进行粗略分析 | Current blast fragmentation models tend to focus on the coarse end of the fragmentation curve because of the impact of poor fragmentation on excavation performance, and hence excavation costs |
| 科学模型、或者说基本模型、试图立足于现实、描述爆破的物理效果和岩石的力学回应 | Scientific or fundamental models attempt to realistically describe the physical effects of blasting and the mechanical response of the rock |
| 评估是否准确、取决于气象资料和所用的评价模型是否精确 | The accuracy of the assessment depends on both the accuracy of the meteorological data, and the accuracy of the assessment model used |
| 通常用于爆破设计和破碎模型中的这些参数、都是静态的、而非动态性质、只不过在用于模型时经验因素弥补了这种反常 | The parameters that are generally used in blast design and fragmentation modeling are the static rather than the dynamic properties, but empirical factors used in the models compensate for this anomaly |
