| Chinese | English |
| 光化学效应 | photochemical effect The result or consequence of a chemical reaction caused by light or ultraviolet radiation (产生紫外线的化学反应。) |
| 光稳衡效应 | photohomeostatic effect |
| 光系统 II 效率 | efficiency of photosystem II |
| 再转移效率 | retranslocation efficiency |
| 剂量与效果关系 | dose-effect relationship The relation between the quantity of a given substance and a measurable or observable effect (某物质的剂量与可测量或观察的效果间的关系。) |
| 噪声效应 | noise effect |
| 噪声等效温差 | noise equivalent delta temperature |
| 延期生效 | carry-over effect Effect caused by the successive passages of polluting substances through the different organisms of a food chain (在食物链中污染物质通过不同的生物体的连续过程所引起的效果。) |
| 微气候效应 | microclimate effect |
| 心理效应 | psychological effect |
| 心理效应 | mental effect |
| 成本效益 | cost-benefit Relation between costs of a certain activity and its benefits to a certain community (特定组织进行某一特定活动时，所需成本和收益之间的关系。) |
| 成本效益分析 | cost-benefit analysis The attempt to assess, compare and frequently justify the total price or loss represented by a certain activity or expenditure with the advantage or service it provides (对某一特定商业活动，或提供利益或服务的费用,试图去评估、比较和频繁地调整总价或损失。) |
| 效率改善 | improvement of efficiency The beneficial development or progress in the volume of output that is achieved in terms of productivity and input, or in getting the maximum possible output from given or allocated resources (以生产力及输入资源为指标的有利的发展和进步的产出量，或从既定的配给资源中求得最大的可能输出。) |
| 效率水平 | efficiency level The ratio of output to input, usually given as a percentage (产出与投入的比值，通常用百分比表示。) |
| 效率策略 | efficiency strategy |
| 效益准则 | efficiency criterion Parameter or rule for assessing the competency in performance of production relative to the input of resources (关于投入资源的生产绩效能力评估的参数或准则。) |
| 时效 | prescription Acquisition of a personal right to use a way, water, light and air by reason of continuous usage. Prescription is a peremptory and perpetual bar to every species of action, real or personal, when creditor has been silent for a certain time without urging his claim (获得使用道路、水、光和空气的个人权利。时效对于每种行为来说都是必须的和持续有效的。当时效的债权人保持沉默而不去要求他的权利时，时效就有可能失效。) |
| 时效法定限制 | prescription statutory limitation |
| 有效性策略 | efficiency strategy |
| 有效湿度降雨量 | available moisture |
| 构效关系 | structure-activity relationship The association between a chemical structure and carcinogenicity (化学结构和致癌性之间的关系。) |
| 污染效应 | pollution effect The main pollution effects concern human health and cover all aspects of the physical environment - air, water and land, including the effects of climate change. Human activities which are sources of pollution arise from domestic, commercial, industrial and military sectors and their effects are influenced by various issues, trends and public sector programmes, such as safe water and food, management of waste, increasing use of chemicals in agriculture, and urbanization. Types of pollutants which are negatively impacting health include litter, toxic chemicals, nuclear waste, lead, spoil from mining, food and water contaminants; and the polluting effects of over-population (污染影响人类健康和各方面的物理环境——包括空气、水和陆地，还包括气候变化所带来的影响。人类活动所产生的污染主要来自商业、工业、军事部门，污染的后果会造成多方面的问题。公共管理部门的污染治理项目，如安全的水和食物，管理如何在农业和城市化过程中使用化学品。污染物负面影响身体健康。有毒的化学物质包括核废料、铅、掠夺采矿、食物和水污染等，影响众多的人口。) |
| 污染的生物效应 | biological effect of pollution Effects of pollution on living systems (污染对生物系统的的影响。) |
| 污染的长期效应 | long-term effect of pollutants |
| 活化效率 | mobilization efficiency |
| 温室效应 | greenhouse effect The warming of the Earth's atmosphere caused by the increasing concentration of atmospheric gases, such as water vapour and carbon dioxide. These gases absorb radiation emitted by the Earth, thus slowing down the loss of radiant energy from the Earth back to space (因大气中的气体，如水气和二氧化碳浓度的增加，而造成地球大气温度的上升。这些气体会吸收地球释出的辐射，减缓辐射能释回太空。) |
| 环境效应和标定设施 | environment effect and calibration facility |
| 环境影响效果 | effect on the environment Resultant of natural or manmade perturbations of the physical, chemical or biological components making up the environment (自然或者人为的扰动对构成环境的物理、化学或生物组件的影响结果。) |
| 环境绩效 | environmental performance |
| 生物效应 | biological effect Biological effects include allergic reactions, respiratory disorders, hypersensitivity diseases and infectious diseases and can be caused by a variety of contaminants and pollutants (生物效应包括过敏反应，呼吸失调，过敏性疾病，传染性疾病，可以由各种原因造成的污染和污染物。) |
| 生物有效性 | bio-availability The extent to which a drug or other substance is taken up by a specific tissue or organ after administration (药物或其他物质在实施后被特定组织或者有机体吸收的程度。) |
| 病理效应 | pathologic effect |
| 直接效应 | immediate effect |
| "稀释效应" | "dilution effect" |
| 等效剂量 | equivalent dose A quantity used in radiation protection, expressing all radiation on a common scale for calculating the effective absorbed dose. The unit of dose equivalent is the rem. which is numerically equal to the absorbed dose in rads multiplied by certain modifying factors such as the quality factor, the distribution factor, etc. (放射保护中使用的量，为表达放射量，方便计算有效吸收剂量提供的统一度量。单位是rem。数量上等于1rad辐射下的吸收剂量乘以某些修正因子，例如质量因子，分布因子等。) |
| 等效零排放标准 | equivalent zero emission standard |
| 精神效应 | psychic effect A result or consequence stemming from mental processes that create or influence human consciousness and emotions (造成或影响人的意识和情感的心理过程。) |
| 累积效应 | accumulation effect |
| 经济生态效率 | economical-ecological efficiency The competency in performance in business matters involving the relation between financial and environmental principles (指包含金融和环境准则关系的商业活动绩效能力。) |
| 综合效应 | combination effect A combined effect of two or more substances or organisms which is greater than the sum of the individual effect of each (两种或两种以上的物质或生物的综合效果，影响超过了单个个体效应的总和。) |
| 职业级别效应 | employment level effect The result or impact of a specific policy, action or event upon the number of working-age persons holding jobs in a specific region, nation or sector of the economy (一个特别的政策、行动或事件，对特定区域、国家或经济部门中，工作人员的冲击或结果。) |
| 能源效率 | energy efficiency Refers to actions to save fuels by better building design, the modification of production processes, better selection of road vehicles and transport policies, the adoption of district heating schemes in conjunction with electrical power generation, and the use of domestic insulation and double glazing in homes (经由较好的建筑设计、产品的修改、较好的道路车辆选择和运输策略、由电厂提供的附近地区的热能和家中隔热和双层玻璃的使用等行为，以达到节省能源的目的。) |
| 身心效应 | psychosomatic effect Any result pertaining to the influence of the mind or higher functions of the brain upon the operations of the body, particularly bodily disorders or diseases (心灵或大脑功能受到影响的结果，特别是身体疾病。) |
| 辐射效果 | radiation effect Prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation from various sources can be harmful. Nuclear radiation from fallout from nuclear weapons or from power stations, background radiation from substances naturally present in the soil, exposure to X-rays can cause radiation sickness. Massive exposure to radiation can kill quickly and any person exposed to radiation is more likely to develop certain types of cancer than other members of the population (从众多研究资料来看，长时间暴露在电离辐射中是有危害的。从核武器或核电站产生的核辐射尘，从土壤中的物质产生的背景辐射，暴露在X射线中都会引起辐射病。大量暴露在辐射中会很快致死，而且暴露在辐射中比其它的污染更容易致癌。) |
| 遗传效应 | genetic effect Inheritable change, chiefly mutations produced by chemical substances, herbicides, radiations, etc. (由化学物质，药物，辐射等造成的可遗传的变化，主要是基因突变。) |
| 长期效应 | long-term effect Effects which will last long after the cause has ceased (在原因停止后将会长期持续的影响。) |
| 防火效益 | fire benefits |
