factors affecting powder entrapment(Factors affecting powder entrapment include asymmetric flow in the mold caused by clogging or eccentricity of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN). 影响保护渣卷人的因素包括由于浸人式水口 (SEN) 堵塞或偏置所引起的结晶器内非对称流动。)
manual response(Often it is found that while the system successfully predicted the breakout, the manual response was inadequate, and a breakout occurred despite the alarm. 人们常常发现:当该系统成功预报出漏钢的时候,手动响应却未作出适当反应,尽管发出了警报,漏钢还是发生了。)
effect of silicon on steel property(【技】钢中的一部分硅使钢脱氧形成氧化硅,其余的硅元素溶于铁素体中,使之成为含硅的合金铁素体。溶解于铁素体中的硅能使铁的晶格歪扭,提高铁素体的硬度和强度。但硅含量大于1%时,将显著降低钢的塑性、冲击韧性、耐锈蚀性和焊接性能,对钢材产生有害影响。)
effect of phosphorus on steel property(【技】钢中的磷既是有害元素,同时也是能利用的合金元素。钢中磷的存在会使钢的脆性增加,低温时更为严重,即会产生通常所说的冷脆性,降低钢的塑性、韧性和焊接性。但经过合适的冶金工艺处理,磷作为钢的合金元素亦可得到良好的耐蚀性和延展性钢材。)
predicted tracer response curve(In addition to studying RTD theoretically, predicted tracer response curves at the tundish nozzles have been compared with corresponding experimental measurements in order to assess the reliability of the turbulent flow model. 除了从理论上对停留时间分布进行研究外,还完成了中间包水口处示踪剂响应预测曲线与相应的实验测量值的比较,以便对湍流模型的可靠性做出评估。)
effect of manganese on steel property(【技】从总体上来说,只要将锰含量控制在适当的范围内,他对钢的性能会产生良好影响。锰能在钢的塑性和冲击韧性略微降低的情况下,显著提高钢的强度。锰作为弱脱氧剂能与硫化合生成硫化锰,消除硫的有害作用。但钢的含锰量过低时,会导致钢的强度降低,热脆性及冷脆性增加。锰含量过高,又易形成冷裂纹,使钢的焊接性变差。)