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| Subject | Chinese | English |
| busin. | 前后向合并 | backward and forward integration |
| econ. | 前后向合并制造业在原料供应和产品销售方面的一体化 | backward and forward integration |
| busin. | 前后向合并指企业将制造、原材料供应和产品销售实行一体化经营; 亦即产供销联合 | backward and forward integration |
| econ. | 前向合并 | forward integration |
| busin. | 前向合并 | forward combination |
| securit. | 向前合并与下游企业合并 | forward combination |
| avia. | 向前合并 | forward integration |