结晶器向下运动速度(A negative strip occurs when the downward velocity of the mold during each cycle exceeds the withdrawal speed of the strand. 在每一振动周期内,当结晶器向下运动的速度超过拉坯速度时即出现负滑脱。)
钢水流速(Steel flow velocity at the meniscus level should be in an optimum velocity range to avoid pinholes (velocity too low) and mold powder entrapment (velocity too high). 金属弯月面处的钢水流速应维持在一个最适宜的速度范围内,以避免(因流速过低)形成针孔缺陷和(因流速过高)造成结晶器保护渣卷人。)