碳氧反应的非平衡态(The nonequilibrium states of the carbon-oxygen reaction at low carbon contents in BOF and OBM (Q-BOP) are represented by the following empirical relations. 在含碳量较低的情况下， BOF 和 OBM (Q-BOP) 炼钢法碳氧反应的非平衡态用以下经验关系式表示。)
反应平衡(The reaction equilibria in the liquid steel-slag systems have been extensively studied, both experimentally and theoretically by applying the principles of thermodynamics and physical chemistry. 通过运用热力学和物理化学原理，现已对液态钢渣系统反应平衡问题在实验和理论上进行了广泛的研究。)
反应热(During steelmaking of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) the goal of injecting oxygen into the furnace is to decarburize the hot metal and to give the reaction heat to melt the cold steel scrap. 氧气顶吹转炉 (BOF) 炼钢期间，向炉内喷吹氧气的目的是脱除铁水中的碳，为熔化冷废钢提供反应热。)
渣-金反应(In a recent study of the available experimental data on steel-slag reactions, it became evident that the equilibrium constants of slag-metal reactions vary with the slag composition. 在对钢-渣反应现有实验数据的最近一次研究中，已经明确了渣-金反应的平衡常数随炉渣成分发生变化。)
