| English | Chinese |
| conservation of genetic resources Controlled utilization, protection and development of the gene pool of natural and cultivated organisms to ensure variety and variability and for current and potential value to human welfare | 基因资源保护 (为保证品种多样化及多变化，同时考虑当前与潜在人类福祉，而对自然及人工培育有机体基因库进行的控制性利用、保护和发展。) |
| genetic diversity The variation between individuals and between populations within a species | 遗传多样性 (个体或同一物种种群中的变化。) |
| genetic effect Inheritable change, chiefly mutations produced by chemical substances, herbicides, radiations, etc. | 遗传效应 (由化学物质，药物，辐射等造成的可遗传的变化，主要是基因突变。) |
| genetic engineering 1. The complex of techniques for the production of new genes and the alteration of the structure of the chromosomes to produce effects beneficial to man, in agriculture and medicine. 2. The intentional production of new genes and alteration of genomes by the substitution or addition of new genetic material | 基因工程 (1. 产生新基因或改变染色体结构以产生对人类有利的效果的复杂技术 2. 通过添加和替换基因材料，刻意制造新基因或改变基因) |
| genetic engineering legislation | 基因工程法规 |
| genetic information The information for protein synthesis contained in the nucleotide sequences of the DNA polynucleotide chain | 遗传信息 (DNADNA核苷酸序列的多核苷酸链携带的关于蛋白质合成的信息。) |
| genetic modification Inheritable changes produced by ionizing radiation, exposure to certain chemicals, ingestion of some medication and from other causes | 基因改造 (由电离辐射，接触某些化学物质，摄取某些药物和其他原因产生的可遗传变异。) |
| genetic pool The total number of genes or the amount of genetic information possessed by all the reproductive members of a population of sexually reproducing organisms | 基因库 (有性繁殖能力的种群成员携带的基因总量或基因信息。) |
| genetic resource The gene pool in natural and cultivated stocks of organisms that are available for human exploitation. It is desirable to maintain as diverse a range of organisms as possible, particularly of domesticated cultivars and their ancestors, in order to maintain a wide genetic base. The wider the genetic base, the greater the capacity for adaptation to particular environmental conditions | 遗传资源 (可供人类开发的自然和耕种作物的基因库。为了维持一个广泛的遗传基础库，其中的不同类型的生物越多越好，特别是家养品种和他们的原种。基础库的范围越广，适应特定的环境条件的能力就越大。) |
| genetic variation Change in one or more phenotypic characteristics, due to gene mutation or rearrangement, environmental effects, etc. | 遗传变异 (由于基因改变或重组，环境影响，一个或多个表现型特征的变化。) |
| world register of genetic resources | 世界遗传资源登记 |
