| English | Chinese |
| coastal erosion The gradual wearing away of material from a coast by the action of sea water | 海岸侵蚀 (在海水的作用下，海岸物质的逐渐流失。) |
| erosion control Practices used during construction or other land disturbing activities to reduce or prevent soil erosion. Typical practices include planting of trees and quick growing grass on disturbed areas and other means to slow the movement of water across a disturbed site and trap the soil that does get transported by runoff | 侵蚀控制 (在建筑或其他对土地干扰的活动中减少或防止土壤侵蚀的实践。典型的实践包括在被干扰的区域种植树木和快速生长的草，以及其他阻止水土流失，固定土壤的方法。) |
| rain erosion mapping | 雨水侵蚀绘图 |
| rain erosion susceptibility | 雨水侵蚀易感性 |
| rainfall erosion | 降雨侵蚀作用 |
| ravine erosion | 沟壑侵蚀 |
| riverbank erosion | 河堤侵蚀 |
| soil erosion Detachment and movement of topsoil or soil material from the upper part of the profile, by the action of wind or running water, especially as a result of changes brought about by human activity, such as unsuitable or mismanaged agriculture | 土壤侵蚀 (由于风或流水的作用，尤其是人类活动，如不合适的或者管理不当的农业所带来的变化，使得层或坡面上的土壤材料分离或移动。) |
| soil erosion by wind | 土壤风蚀 |
| thermal erosion | 热侵蚀 |
| water erosion The breakdown of solid rock into smaller particles and its removal by water. As weathering, erosion is a natural geological process, but more rapid soil erosion results from poor land-use practices, leading to the loss of fertile topsoil and to the silting of dams, lakes, rivers and harbours. There are three classes of erosion by water. 1. Splash erosion occurs when raindrops strike bare soil, causing it to splash, as mud, to flow into spaces in the soil and to turn the upper layer of soil into a structureless, compacted mass that dries with a hard, largely impermeable crust. 2. Surface flow occurs when soil is removed with surface run-off during heavy rain. 3. Channelized flow occurs when a flowing mixture of water and soil cuts a channel, which is then deepened by further scouring. A minor erosion channel is called a rill, a larger channel a gully | 水侵蚀 (坚石被水细分成更小的颗粒和被搬移。由于风化，侵蚀是一种自然地质过程，但更快速的侵蚀主要来自不良的土地使用办法，导致肥沃的土地表层的流失和水坝、湖泊、河流和港口的淤积。水的侵蚀可分为三类：a.当雨滴冲击裸露的土壤会发生溅击侵蚀，会使之如泥土般地飞溅，流入土壤中的空间，土壤上层会变成一个无结构、压缩的团块，用坚硬的、基本不透水的地壳来干燥。b.大雨时土壤随地表径流移动时会发生表面流。c.当水和土壤的混合流开切一条渠道时会发生渠道流，它会通过进一步的冲刷而变深。一个小的渠道被称为细沟，更大的渠道被称为沟壑。) |
| wind erosion The breakdown of solid rock into smaller particles and its removal by wind. It may occur on any soil whose surface is dry, unprotected by vegetation (to bind it at root level and shelter the surface) and consists of light particles. The mechanisms include straightforward picking up of dust and soil particles by the airflow and the dislodging or abrasion of surface material by the impact of particles already airborne | 风蚀 (坚石被风破裂成较小的颗粒和移动。它可能发生在任何表面干燥、表面无保护植被(将它绑定在根级和保护其表面)和轻粒子所组成的土壤中。该机制包括通过气流直接落下灰尘和土壤颗粒，和在已经空降的粒子的影响下脱落或磨损表面材质。) |
