开坯(The most general use of hot rolling is for "breaking-down" large ingots; cold rolling is used to make smooth and accurate thin sheets of metal. 热轧的最大用途是对大钢锭进行开坯，而冷轧则用于生产表面光滑、尺寸精确的金属薄板。)
下降管(RH 真空脱气设备的: During the decarburization, a sample of the steel was taken for carbon analysis under the down-leg snorkel at an interval of 30-60 seconds. 脱碳期间，供碳分析用的钢样取自下降管的下面，取样间隔为30 ~60s。)
延伸(For some products, including suspension bridge cables and piano wire, the steel is made into a rod which is then drawn down to a wire of the required diameter. 对于包括吊桥钢索和钢琴丝类的一些制品，首先将钢坯轧制成盘条，然后再拉制成所需直径的钢丝。)
