化学变化(As with the chemical changes that take place in smelting iron, the reactions which produce slag are very complex. 如同炼铁时发生的化学变化一样，造渣过程的化学反应也是很复杂的。)
快速更换中间包(Unlike grade casting may be performed by one of two methods: either a "flying" tundish change, together with a grade separator plate, or a lowered tundish practice and grade separator plate may be used. 异钢种多炉连浇可以采用以下两种方法中的一种进行：采用飞包同时使用钢种隔离板的方法，或者采用降低中间包液位和使用钢种隔离板的方法。)
【连】 变钢种操作(In the grade change operation, the tundish containing the old grade of steel being cast is first emptied to a certain depth before pouring the new grade from the ladle. 变钢种操作时，在由钢包浇人下一炉异钢种钢水前，首先将盛有上一炉正在浇注钢种钢水的中间包排空到一定深度。)
变钢种过程(Therefore, it is desirable to develop a simpler and faster means of analyzing the grade change process. With this aim in mind, a simple tanks-in-series model has been developed to account for the grade change process. 因此，人们迫切需要开发一种简洁、快速的分析变钢种过程的方法。基于这一目标，现已开发出一种简易的系列槽模型用于说明变钢种过程。)
液相-固相转变(The continuous casting process, being the liquid-to-solid phase change operation, is the pivotal step in achieving good quality steel processing. 连铸过程，即一种液相-固相转变的操作，它是优质钢加工过程中的关键工序。)
水口快速更换(As mentioned previously, the ability to do nozzle quick changes (NQC) has been included in the tundish design in order to extend the number of heats in a sequence. 如前所述，为了提高连浇炉数，已将水口快速更换能力项目列人中间包设计。)
