| English | Chinese |
| administrative law Body of law created by administrative agencies in the form of rules, regulations, orders and decisions to carry out regulatory powers and duties of such agencies | 行政法 (由行政机关制定的，以条例、规章、法令或决定的形式来实施管理权利和机关职责的部门法) |
| air traffic law International rules and conventions relating to air transportation | 航空法 (空中运输相关的国际准则和惯例) |
| aviation law International rules regulating air transportation | 飞行法 (管理空中运输的国际法律。) |
| Boyle-Mariotte law | 波义尔-马里奥特定律 |
| civil law Law inspired by old Roman Law, the primary feature of which was that laws were written into a collection; codified, and not determined, as is common law, by judges. The principle of civil law is to provide all citizens with an accessible and written collection of the laws which apply to them and which judges must follow | 民法 (基于旧的罗马法的法律，它的主要特点是写在一起收集起来，并由法官编纂成法典，但作为普通法律不由法官决定。民法的原则是为了用可读可写的法律条例来保护所有的公民，这些条例适用于公民，法官必须遵守。) |
| class action suits law Legal action initiated by a single person or a few people on behalf of a group with similar claim or claims | 集体诉讼法 (针对由一个人或一个集体的名义发起的相似权利要求而采取的法律行为。) |
| commercial law The whole body of substantive jurisprudence applicable to the rights, intercourse and relations of persons engaged in commerce, trade or mercantile pursuits | 商法 (人们从事于商业，贸易或商机追逐时，人与人之间的交际和相互关系所使用权利的独立法学主体。) |
| Community law The law of European Community (as opposed to the national laws of the member states) It consists of the treaties establishing the EC (together with subsequent amending treaties) community legislation, and decisions of the court of justice of the European Communities. Any provision of the treaties or of community legislation that is directly applicable or directly effective in a member state forms part of the law of that state and prevails over its national law in the event of any inconsistency between the two | 欧洲共同体法规 (欧洲共同体的法律(相对于会员国的国家法律)。它包含建立欧洲共同体(连同后来的修正协订)的立法协定,与欧洲共同体司法院的决定。任何协定或共同体立法的规定，都将直接适用或直接有效于各会员国，形成各会员国国家法律的一部分,及作为处理两会员国在发生意见不一致事件时优先于各会员国国家法律。) |
| comparative law The study of the principles of legal science by the comparison of various systems of law | 比较法 (通过比较各种不同系统的法律，研究法律的科学准则。) |
| competition law That part of the law dealing with matters such as those arising from monopolies and mergers, restrictive trading agreements, resale price maintenance and agreements involving distortion of competition affected by EU rules | 竞争法 (处理包括垄断和兼并、限制性贸易协定、不得低价转让商品的规定及受欧盟规则影响的扭曲性竞争等商业活动的法律。) |
| constitutional law That branch of the public law of a nation or state which treats of the organization, powers and frame of government, the distribution of political and governmental authorities and functions, the fundamental principles which are to regulate the relations of government and citizen and which prescribes generally the plan and method according to which the public affairs of the nation or state are to be administered | 宪法 (指一国公法的分支，讨论政府组织、权力和架构、政治及政府职权和功能的分配、规范政府和公民间关系的基本准则，并大概地制定管理国家公共事务的基本计划和方法。) |
| criminal law That body of the law that deals with conduct considered so harmful to society as a whole that it is prohibited by statute, prosecuted and punished by the government | 刑法 (处理对整个社会有较大损害作用的行为的法律主体，这种行为是法令禁止并应被政府起诉和惩罚的。) |
| criminal law procedure The rules of law governing the procedure by which crimes are investigated, prosecuted, adjudicated, and punish | 刑事程序 (对犯罪行为进行调查、起诉、判决和惩罚的法律程序执行规则。) |
| dangerous goods law | 危险品法规 |
| data processing law | 数据处理法 |
| EIA law Law concerning the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, based on the EC Directive n. 85/337 | 环境影响评估法 (基于EC(欧洲共同体)指令85、337，关于公共或者私人计划对环境影响的评估法规。) |
| emergency law | 紧急法 |
| environmental criminal law The aggregate of statutory enactments pertaining to actions or instances of ecological negligence deemed injurious to public welfare or government interests and legally prohibited | 环境犯罪法 (有关被视为危害大众福利或政府利益以及法律上被禁止等生态疏忽行为或实例的法定条文集。) |
| environmental law A wide spectrum of options from binding "hard" laws, such as international treaties and national legislation, to "soft" laws, covering guiding principles, recommended practices and procedures, and standards. Environmental law also attempts to reconcile international considerations with concerns that focus on very specific problems such as soil degradation, marine pollution or the depletion of non-renewable resources | 环境法 (结合了从像国际协议与国家立法这样的"硬性"法规到涵括导引原则、履行与程序建议及标准等这样的"软性"法规的一种选择范围广泛的法律。环境法试图调解国际上对于土壤退化、海洋污染或不可再生资源耗损等等特定问题的关注焦点。) |
| environmental law enforcement Any variety of activities associated with promoting compliance and obedience to those binding rules of a state that have been promulgated to safeguard ecological integrity, preserve natural resources and protect human health | 环境法令执行 (为了督促承诺和履行保护生态健全、保护自然安全和人类健康所公布的规章的各种行动。) |
| extinction law | 消光定律 |
| family law Branch of specialty of law, also denominated "domestic relations" law, concerned with such subjects as adoption, annulment, divorce, separation, paternity, custody, support and child care | 家庭法 (法律的特殊分支，也被称为"亲属法"，关注诸如领养，判决，离婚，分居，父子关系，监护，支持，和小孩照顾。) |
| federal law A binding rule or body of rules established by a government that has been constituted as a union of independent political units or states | 联邦法律 (由独立州或独立政治单位组成的政府所颁布的具有约束力法律或条文。) |
| fertiliser law | 肥料法 |
| financial law | 金融法 |
| fishing law Rules concerning fishing activities; in international law the matter is ruled by the 1958 Geneva Convention | 渔业法 (和捕鱼活动有关的规则；在国际法中规定此问题的是1958年的日内瓦公约。) |
| forage law | 牧草法 |
| forestry law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate any extensive area of woodland, for the protection and preservation of game, timber and other forest resources | 林业法 (由政府制定的具有约束力的规则或规则的集合，约束大面积林区，使其野生动物，木材和其他森林资源得以保护。) |
| Hagen-Poiseuille law | 哈根-普色伊尔定律 |
| harmonisation of law The process by which two or more states, sometimes under the auspices of an interstate or international organization, change their legislation relevant to some area of common concern to conform their statutes and to facilitate compliance and enforcement across borders | 法律协调 (两个以上国家(州)，有时在国际性或跨州组织的协助下，改变其有关某些共同关切地区的立法，以适合其法规并使不同区域内的承诺与执行更加容易的过程。) |
| immission control law | 排入管制法 |
| implementation law | 执行法 |
| International Council for Environmental Law | 国际环境法理事会 |
| international economic law The recognized rules guiding the commercial relations of at least two sovereign states or private parties involved in cross-border transactions, including regulations for trade, finance and intellectual property | 国际经济法 (指导两个或两个以上主权国家或私人当事方在跨境交易——包括贸易、金融和知识产权法规时，商业关系中所公认的规则。) |
| international law The system of law regulating the interrelationship of sovereign states and their rights and duties with regard to one another | 国际法 (调节主权国家间的相互关系以及其相互间的权利和义务的法律制度。) |
| labour law The branch of the legal system which lays down the rules governing employment relationships, trade union relations, and state intervention to provide protection against particular situations of need for citizens who are workers | 劳动法 (法律制度的一个分支，其制定了管理雇佣关系、工会关系、为保护工人防范特殊情况提供保护的国家干预方面的规则。) |
| Lambert-Beer's extinction law | 朗伯一毕尔二氏消光法则 |
| law amendment An alteration of or addition to any statute with legal force that, if approved by the appropriate legislative authority, supersedes the original statute | 法律修正案 (对具有法律效力的章程的改动或增补，如果被适当的立法机关核准通过，则用以取代原来的章程。) |
| law branch A subdivision of the body of principles and regulations established by a government or other authority, generally defined by its scope or application | 法律分支 (由政府或其它权利机构所制定的原则和规定的一部分，通常也规定了其适用范围。) |
| law draft The form in which proposed statutes, resolutions or special acts are introduced into a legislative body, before they are enacted or passed | 法律草案 (提出的章程、决议或特殊行为被提交到立法机构，且在其颁布或通过前的状态。) |
| law enforcement Any variety of activities associated with promoting compliance and obedience to the binding rules of a state, especially the prevention, investigation, apprehension or detention of individuals suspected or convicted of violating those rules | 执法 (任何与促进、遵守和服从国家的约束性规则关的各种活动，特别是预防、调查、逮捕或拘留涉嫌违反或已违反这些规则的个人。) |
| law relating to prisons Binding rules and regulations pertaining to the construction, use and operation of jails, penitentiaries and other places of legal confinement and punishment | 监狱法 (与建设、使用和运营拘留所、监狱和其他行驶法律约束及惩罚地区相关的具有约束力的规则和规章。) |
| lead-in-petrol law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to reduce or eliminate the lead content in petroleum fuels used in vehicular and other engines that pollute the air with lead-carrying exhaust | 汽油含铅法 (由政府指定的一项或一组必须遵守的规则，以减少或消除用于车辆和其它引擎中使用石油燃料所排出的含铅气体产生的污染。) |
| maritime law That system of law which particularly relates to marine commerce and navigation, to business transacted at sea or relating to navigation, to ships and shipping, to seamen, to the transportation of persons and property by sea, and to marine affairs generally | 海事法 (一项法律制度，特别指涉及到所有的海上贸易和航行、海上交易的或与航行有关的业务、船舶和航运、海员、人员和财产的海上运输、海洋事务。) |
| mining law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the potentially harmful activity of enterprises concerned with the extraction and processing of precious or valuable metals | 矿业法 (由政府规定的监管与开采和加工宝石或贵重金属有关企业的潜在有害活动的具有约束力的法规或规则。) |
| municipal law Broadly, a law or body of laws that pertains solely to the citizens and inhabitants of a state; narrowly, a law or body of laws pertaining to towns, cities, villages and their local governments | 国内法 (从广义上讲，法律或规章法规，只涉及到一个国家的公民和居民；狭义上，指有关城镇、城市、乡村和当地政府的法律或规章法规。) |
| natural independence law The inviolable, moral claim of non-human organisms and their habitats to exist unharmed or unchanged by human activity as postulated by certain environmental ethicists | 自然独立性 (如同某些环境伦理学家要求的，对非人类生物体和其栖息地的存在不受人类活动伤害和改变的不可侵犯的、道德的主张。) |
| neighbourhood law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to protect human health and the environment, manage growth and development or enhance the quality of life in small geographical and social areas within cities where residents share values and concerns and interact with one another on a daily basis | 社区法 (在城市内的小区域和社区，政府规定的保护人类健康和环境、管理人口增长和发展或者提高生活质量的约束规章或者法律法规。社区居民共享价值取向、利益关注，在日常生活中相互配合。) |
| planning law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to organize, designate and regulate land use within its domain through zoning laws, subdivision regulations, rent and sign controls, growth management and other measures designed to protect human health and ecological integrity | 规划法 (由政府规定的具有约束力的规则或一组规则，用来组织、指定、规范土地使用，通过它，房屋租售由相应的细分法规管制，成长管理和其他措施旨在保护人类健康和生态完整性。) |
| police law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the employment and tactics of police or other civil agents organized to maintain order, prevent and detect crimes and promote obedience to civil regulations and authority | 警察法 (具有约束力的规则或规定，政府通过调用警察或其它民事代理组织来维持公共秩序，防止和侦查犯罪，促进遵守民事法规。) |
| private international law The part of the national law of a country that establishes rules for dealing with cases involving a foreign element | 国际私法 (国家法律的一部分，用来处理与国外事物相关联的法律案件。) |
| private law The branch of law dealing with such aspects of relationships between individuals that are of no direct concern to the state | 私法 (法律的一个分支，用来处理与国家无直接关系的私人间的纠纷。) |
| procedural law Law which prescribes method of enforcing rights or obtaining redress for their invasion. Laws which fix duties, establish rights and responsibilities among and for persons, natural or otherwise, are "substantive laws" in character, while those which merely prescribe the manner in which such rights and responsibilities may be exercised and enforced in a court are "procedural laws" | 程序法 (法律规定的行使权利或获取权利的申诉方法。在固定的权利和义务之间建立责任关系，是一种"实质性的法律"，相比那些只规定了方式的法律条文，这种权利和责任可以行使在法院强制执行的"程序性法律"中。) |
| provincial/regional law D | 省/地区法律 |
| public international law The general rules and principles pertaining to the conduct of nations and of international organizations and with the relations among them | 公共国际法 (适合国家和国际组织的行为和它们之间关系的通用的条例和原则。) |
| public law A general classification of law, consisting generally of constitutional, administrative, criminal and international law, concerned with the organization of the state, the relations between the state and the people who compose it, the responsibilities of public officers to the state, to each other, and to private persons, and the relations of states to one other. The branch or department of law which is concerned with the state in its political or sovereign capacity, including constitutional and administrative law, and with the definition, regulation, and enforcement of rights in cases where the state is regarded as the subject of the right or object of the duty, - including criminal law and criminal procedure, - and the law of the state, considered in its quasi private personality, i.e., as capable of holding or exercising rights, or acquiring and dealing with property, in the character of an individual | 公共法律 (通用的法律类别，包括宪法、行政法、刑法和国际法。这些法律涉及到国家的组成、国家和组成国家的人民间的关系、公共官员对国家、互相和对人民的责任和国家之间的关系。法律的分支或部分规定了以上各个方面，宪法和行政法涉及到国家的政治或元首的能力；刑法和刑事诉讼法规定了在国家被认为是权利的主体或责任的客体的情况下对权利的定义、规定和执行；国家法律，考虑到国家类似私人的特性，例如，能够具有或执行权利，或者考虑国家的个人特性，如能获得和处理财产。) |
| radiation protection law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by government to establish measures to keep humans and natural resources safe from harmful exposure to energy waves released by nuclear materials, electromagnetic current and other sources | 辐射防护法 (由政府制定的联编规则或主体规则，建立相关的方法使人和自然资源免受由核物品、电磁流和其它来源产生的能量波的危害。) |
| recycling management and waste law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by government to establish and regulate provisions for the minimization of waste generation through recovery and reprocessing of re-usable products | 回收管理和废料法 (由政府制定和规范的联合规则或规则主体，通过回收和重新处理能重新使用的产品来最小化废料产量。) |
| regional law | 地区法 |
| regulative law | 调节法 |
| rural law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government pertaining to matters of importance to residents of sparsely populated regions, especially agricultural and other economic issues | 农村法 (由政府制定的联编或主体的规则，和人口稀少地区的重要事务相关，特别是农业和其它经济问题。) |
| special law One relating to particular persons or things; one made for individual cases or for particular places or districts; one operating upon a selected class, rather than upon the public generally. A law is special when it is different from others of the same general kind or designed for a particular purpose, or limited in range or confined to a prescribed field of action or operation | 特别法 (与特定的人或事物有关的；为个别案例或特定地方或地区而制定的；是选定的经营阶层，而不适用于普通民众。与其他一般人不同种类或针对特定目的而设计一项法律，或在有限的范围内，或仅限于特定的行为领域或者设计领域时，它是特殊的。) |
| tax law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government stipulating the sum of money and manner of collection it demands for governmental support, facilities and services, usually levied upon income, property, sales or other financial resources | 税法 (由政府指定的一个具有约束力的规则或规定，规定对金钱以收集的方式以满足政府机构的扶持、设施和服务，通常是征收收入、财产、销售或其它金融资源。) |
| transport law Rules concerning the movement of goods or persons by sea, railway or road | 运输法 (有关货物或人员从海上、铁路或公路进行移动的法规。) |
| urban development law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by government to regulate public services and the competing claims of residential, commercial and industrial interests in municipal areas generally characterized by moderate to high population density | 城市发展法 (政府机构制定的具有约束力的规则或规则体系，用来在以中高人口密度为特点的城市地区，规范公共服务和住宅、商业和工业利益的竞争性要求。) |
| Water Control Laws | 美国水控制法案 |
