| English | Chinese |
| a business run by the state | 国营企业 |
| a certificate of quality by experts | 专家鉴定品质证明书 |
| A portion of foreign exchange may be retained by enterprises | 企业可以留存一部分外汇 |
| a report by the testing group | 检验组的一份报告 |
| a report by the testing group | 检验小组报告 |
| A statement made by or other conduct of the offeree indicating assent to an offer is acceptance. Silence or inactivity does not itself amount to acceptance | 被发盘人声明或做出其他行为表示同意一项发价即为承诺接受。缄默或不行动本身不等于接受 (承诺) |
| abide by an agreement | 遵守协议 |
| abide by bylaws | 遵守公司内部规章 |
| abide by one's promise | 遵守诺言 |
| abide by the award | 服从裁决 |
| abide by the legal consequences | 承担法律后果 |
| accessible by postal communication | 通邮 |
| accommodate the buyer by accepting time L/C | 对买方予以通融，接受远期信用证 |
| acquire technology by transfer | 通过转让获得技术 |
| adjusted by an actuary | 由保险精算师理算 |
| advertising by circulars | 用散发商品传单进行广告宣传 |
| agree expressly or by implication | 明文规定或默示约定 |
| Although handicapped by the congestion of shipping space, we've managed to ship the goods ordered in time | 虽然碰到舱位拥挤的困难，我方仍设法将你方订购的货物准时装出 |
| animal by-products | 畜产 |
| apply by telex | 用电传接洽 |
| apportioned by cost | 按成本分配 |
| arranged by AC | 由承运人代理进行安排 |
| as by law enacted | 如法律所规定 |
| As requested, Type A will be replaced by Type B | 根据要求，B 型将代替 A 型 |
| As soon as the fresh supply available, we will contact you immediately by telex | 俟有货可供，我方立即与你方电传联系 |
| assembling with components supplied by clients | 来件装配 |
| auction by tender | 标式拍卖 |
| auditing by test and scrutiny | 抽查审计 |
| authentication of the signature made by attesting authority | 由鉴定机关认证签字 |
| batch by batch inspection | 逐批抽检 |
| be accustomed to selling against L/C available by sight draft | 习惯于按即期汇票信用证销售货物 |
| be agreed by the acceptor | 经接受人同意 |
| be an accountant by profession | 以会计师为职业 |
| be approached by buyers for the supply of foodstuffs | 买主接洽食品的供货 |
| be authenticated by the chamber of commerce | 由商会认证 |
| be authorized by ABS | 由美国标准局核准 |
| be built by contract | 包工建筑 |
| be certified by the acceptor | 由验收人签证 |
| be covered by buyers | 由买方负担 |
| be damaged by heat and sweat | 因受热受潮而遭损害 |
| be detained by the customers house | 被海关扣押 |
| be furnished by the seller | 由卖方提供 |
| be occasioned by carelessness | 由粗心所引起 |
| be offsetted by surplus receipts | 以额外收入进行补偿 |
| be released by the customs | 被海关放行 |
| bill accompanied by documents | 附货运单据的汇票 |
| bill by negotiation | 逆汇 (与顺汇(bill by remittance) 相对) |
| bill by remittance | 顺汇汇票 |
| bill dishonoured by nonacceptance | 拒绝承兑汇票 |
| bill dishonoured by nonpayment | 拒付票据 |
| bill unaccompanied by documents | 不附货运单据的汇票 |
| book by confirmation | 确认定货 |
| book by double entries | 复式簿记 (与单式簿记(book by single entry) 相对) |
| buy a car and pay for it by monthly installments of US $500 | 购一辆小汽车，按每月500美元分期支付 |
| buy by at retail | 零买 |
| buy goods by the tally | 按打数或百数等购买货物 |
| by air mail | 航寄 |
| By all manner of means please execute this order in time | 请务必及时执行本订单 |
| by application at the customs house | 通过海关申请 |
| by bulk | 估堆 |
| by bulk | 按堆计算 |
| by bulk | 按体积 |
| By careful investment of his capital, he obtained a good income | 因其稳妥投资，他获得极好收入 |
| by cargoliner | 由大型货机运输 |
| by cargoliner | 由货运班轮运输 |
| by courtesy of ABC Company | 承蒙ABC公司的好意 |
| by courtesy of ACC | 承蒙美国商会#意 |
| by definition | 按照定义 |
| by express | 用快车运送 |
| by free gift | 作为免费赠品 |
| by free gift | 免费赠送 |
| by letter cable | 以书信电报形式 |
| by letter telegram | 以书信电报形式 |
| by proxy | 受权代理缩为 P.P. |
| by proxy | 由…代理 |
| by reference to the total amount | 参照总值 |
| by return of post | 由下一班回程邮递邮回 |
| by separate cover | 另函寄送 |
| by that means | 由此 |
| by that means | 从而 |
| by that means | 因此 |
| by the board | 在船舷外 |
| by this | 特此 |
| by this | 以此 |
| by what | 凭那 |
| by what | 由那 |
| by which | 凭那 |
| by which | 由那 |
| carriage by water | 水运 |
| carry the goods to the destination by proper conveyance | 用合适运输工具把货物运到目的地 |
| change M by ɛ | 使 M 变化 ɛ |
| charge carriage by bulk | 按体积收取运费 |
| charge carriage by weight | 按重量收取运费 |
| charter by demise | 光船租船 |
| charter by time | 定期租船 |
| charter by voyage | 程租船 |
| charter by voyage | 定程租船 |
| Charters of oil-tankers may be by time or for the voyage | 油轮的包租可按时间或航程计费 |
| checking weight by draft | 以水尺计量货物重量 |
| China National Produce and Animal By products Import and Export Corporation | 中国土畜产进岀口总公司 |
| classification by economic categories | 按经济大类分类 |
| classification by functions | 按功能分类 |
| classification by industrial groups | 按工业部门分类 |
| commitments by the technology supplier | 技术转让技术转让方义务 |
| comply with the quality standard fixed by the contract | 与合同上所规定的质量标准相符 |
| confirmed by BA | 由美洲银行保兑 |
| contract by assembly | 来件装配合同 |
| contract by deed | 用契据的合同 |
| copy of certificate by customs | 岀口许可证海关回联单 |
| cover the deficit by subsidies | 以补贴弥补亏损 |
| cut the price by half | 减半价 |
| damage by fresh water | 淡水损害险 |
| decrease the quantity by 20 dozen | 数量减少二十打 |
| delivery of goods by installments | 分期或分批交货 |
| Demand has been brought down by increases in imports | 需求已减少 |
| Demand has been brought down by increases in imports | 由于进口增加 |
| demonstration by sample | 样本示范 |
| diminish the revenue by reducing tax | 减税使收入减少 |
| do business by bargaining | 通过谈判做交易 |
| draft by negotiation | 逆汇 (与顺汇(draft by remittance) 相对) |
| Earnings were not affected by the decline because of the firm's recent diversification into other lines | 收入并不因衰微而受影响 |
| Earnings were not affected by the decline because of the firm's recent diversification into other lines | 由于公司最近对其他行业的分散投资 |
| encourage innovations by giving awards | 奖励发明创造 |
| equity participation by a technology supplier | 技术供应方参加项目的合资经营 |
| expectations by the technology recipient | 技术引进人期望 |
| express paid by telegraph | 加快费已电汇支付 |
| Extra expenses are to be borne by the buyer | 额外费用应由买方承担 |
| Failing an agreement by the both parties, the arbitration institution will not take cognizance of the case | 在双方当事人未达成协议情况下，仲裁机构不会受理争议案件 |
| forecasting by regression analysis | 回归分析预测法 |
| funds retained by enterprise | 企业自留资金 |
| General average is usually handled by adjusters | 共同海损通常由海损理算人处理 |
| Generally speaking, we do not accept the payment terms by D/A | 一般地说，我们不接受承兑交单托收的支付条件 |
| goods by road vehicles | 公路车辆运输的货物 |
| guarantee by endorsement | 以背书进行担保 |
| guarantees by the licenser | 售证人保证 |
| He predated the check by three days | 他把支票日期填早三日 |
| hire out boats by the day | 按日计算出租船只 |
| If the goods are sold "C & F Landed", unloading costs, including lighterage and wharfage charges, are borne by the seller | 如果货物按"成本加运费并卸到岸上"出售，卸货费其中包括驳运费和码头捐，应由卖方负担 |
| import by commodities | 按商品分类的进口 |
| In no case shall this insurance cover loss, damage or expense caused by capture, seizure, arrest, restraint or detainment piracy excepted, and the consequences thereof or any attempt thereat | 本保险在任何情况下不负责捕获、逮捕、禁制或拘留海盗行为除外以及这些行动的后果或这方面的企图造成的损失和费用 |
| In the event of conflict with the present law, the usages shall prevail unless agreed by both parties | 如与现法发生冲突时，除双方当事人有约定外，优先适用惯例 |
| increase by 30% | 增加 30% |
| information accessible by the sellers | 卖方可获取的信息 |
| International Convention Concerning the Carriage of Goods By Rail | 国际铁路货物运送公约 |
| It was settled by compulsory arbitration | 此事已通过强制仲裁解决 |
| judgement by default | 缺席判决 |
| Law of the People's Republic of China on the Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People | 中华人民共和国全民所有制工业企业法 |
| long hauls by rail | 长距离铁路运输 |
| long hauls by rail | 铁路长途运输 |
| make remittance by telegraphic transfer | 电汇 |
| make settlements by convention | 按照惯例解决 |
| management by grouping of enterprises | 集团化经营 |
| manipulation of a company's securities by insiders | 内部人对公司股票的操纵 |
| measure the output by the demand | 根据需要调节产量 |
| method by series | 系统〔系列〕观测法 |
| method by series | 系列观测法 |
| More time will pass before the bill of exchange drawn by the seller on the buyer is settled | 卖方开给买方的汇票的款项须经更多时间才能由买方付清 |
| negotiation by draft | 议付 |
| obtain by fraud | 以欺骗获取 |
| offer by description | 附说明书的报盘 |
| offer by tender | 用投标方式报价 |
| offer by wire | 用电报报盘 |
| on carriage by air | 空运阶段 |
| One copy of the contract should be retained by each party | 各方应留存一份合同 |
| order by sample | 凭样订货 |
| Our acceptance of your proposal will have to be ratified by our Head Office | 我方对你方建议的接受须经我总公司批准 |
| Our payment terms are L/C available by draft at sight | 我们的支付条款是即期汇票支付的信用证 |
| Our terms of payment are confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit, available by draft at sight | 我方的付款条件是保兑的不可撤销的、见票即付的信用证 |
| pay back by installments | 分期付款 |
| pay by the hour | 计时工资 |
| payable by approved bank's drafts on London, exchange per endorsement | 按经认可的银行向伦敦丹出的汇票售出牌价付款，汇率以背书时为准 |
| payable by installments | 应付分期付款 |
| payment by acceptance | 承兑支付 |
| payment by cash | 付现 |
| payment by instalments | 按工程施工进度分期支付款项 |
| payment by remittance | 汇付 (包括：信汇 (mail transfer)、电汇 (telegraphic transfer)、票汇 (demand draft)) |
| payment by remittance | 顺汇 |
| Please advise us by cable immediately the goods are shipped | 请立即电告我方 |
| Please advise us by cable immediately the goods are shipped | 货物一俟装出 |
| Please instruct your bankers to amend the letter of credit by cable | 请通知你方银行用电报修改信用证 |
| Please reply by urgent telegram | 请用急电回复 |
| price ceilings stipulated by the Office of Price Administration | 物价管理局规定的物价最高限额 |
| processing of materials provided by foreign clients | 来料加工 |
| processing with materials supplied by foreign clients | 来料加工 |
| processing with the samples supplied by clients | 来样加工 |
| public issue by prospectus | 通过招股章程公开发行股票 |
| purchase by contract | 合同进货 |
| purchasing by specification | 按规格说明书采购 |
| regulation by the market mechanism | 市场机制的调节作用 |
| remit by T/T | 以电汇汇付 |
| report by wire | 用电报报告 |
| sale by brand or trade mark | 凭厂牌或商标买卖 |
| sale by bulk | 估堆岀售 |
| sale by credit | 赊销 |
| sale by description | 按规格说明书买卖 |
| sale by international standard | 按国际标准买卖 |
| sale by specification | 凭说明书规格买卖 |
| sale by standard or type | 凭标准买卖 |
| sale by type | 凭标准买卖 |
| Sales are hampered by price fluctuations | 价格波动妨碍了销售 |
| sales by installments | 分期分批岀销 |
| sales by subscription | 预约销售 |
| sampling by chance | 机会抽样 |
| sampling by classification | 分类抽样 |
| secure customers by advertising | 用广告招揽顾客 |
| sell by bushel | 按蒲式耳出售 |
| sell by wholesale | 批发岀售 |
| send the letters by despatch | 以快邮发送信件 |
| send the letters by dispatch | 以快邮发送信件 |
| settlement by check | 用支票清算 |
| settlement of account by spot exchange | 现汇结算 |
| settlement of account by transfer | 转账结算 |
| shares owned by corporations | 社团持股 |
| shipment by first available vessel | 由最先启航的船舶装运 |
| shipment by first available vessel | 有船即装 |
| specialization by function | 按功能的专业化 |
| specialization by product | 按产品的专业化 |
| speculate by taking a short position on the market | 在市场上投机卖空 |
| stand-by stock | 备用库存 |
| The auction to be held by the local auctioneers was postponed | 由当地拍卖商举行的拍卖延期了 |
| The both parties agreed that disputes shall be settled by arbitration in London | 双方同意出现的争议必须在伦敦仲裁解决 |
| The both parties are bound by the terms of the contract | 双方均受合同条款约束 |
| The both parties shall be bound by any practice which they have established between themselves | 双方当事人必须受彼此之间已确立起来的习惯做法的约束 |
| The buyer rejected the goods by reason of the poor quality | 因质量低劣买主拒收货物 |
| The buyer shall undertake the expenses by custom of the trade | 按行业惯例费用必须由买方承担 |
| The certificate ceases to be binding if it is revoked by the certifier | 这一证书一经证明人撤销即告无效 |
| The certificate ceases to be binding if it is set aside by a court or arbitration tribunal | 其约束力即告结束 |
| The certificate ceases to be binding if it is set aside by a court or arbitration tribunal | 该证明书一经法院或仲裁庭宣布无效 |
| The chargers are borne by the consignee | 费用由收货人承担 |
| The commercial aims which the both parties pursued when concluding the contract are defeated by force of supervening circumstances | 双方当事人在签约时所谋求的商业目的因意外情况受挫而落空 |
| The company showed losses in 1946 despite heavy tax carrybacks allowed by the government | 该公司在1946年还是亏空了 |
| The company showed losses in 1946 despite heavy tax carrybacks allowed by the government | 尽管政府准予大幅度的亏损补报以减轻其纳税负担 |
| The contract provides expressly that the insurance shall be effected by the seller | 合同明文规定保险应由卖方承担 |
| The contract provides that any difference or dispute shall be referred to the arbitration of a person appointed by the London Chamber of Commerce | 合约规定任何争议应提交伦敦商会指定的人进行仲裁 |
| The contract provides that any difference or dispute shall be referred to the arbitration of a sole arbitrator appointed by both parties | 合同规定任何争议应由双方指定的独任的仲裁员进行仲裁 |
| The contract stipulates payment by sight L/C | 合同规定付款条件为即期信用证 |
| The contract stipulates that the seller shall have an option of giving notice of termination when the orders placed by the buyer do not represent a minimum volume for a fixed period | 卖方有权通知中止合同 |
| The contract stipulates that the seller shall have an option of giving notice of termination when the orders placed by the buyer do not represent a minimum volume for a fixed period | 合同规定买方所订货物未能完成一定时期的最低限额时 |
| The convention has been given effect by many countries | 本公约已由许多国家采用生效 |
| The convention has been ratified by our country | 我国已批准该公约 |
| The court dismissed the action by the buyer against the seller for losses for non-performance | 法院驳回买方提岀以不履约为由而提起的损失赔偿诉讼 |
| The damage is caused by rough handling | 损失是由不慎装卸所引起的 |
| The damage is caused by rough handling in transit | 损坏系由运输中搬运不慎所致 |
| The delay is caused by heavy congestion of shipping space | 延迟是由舱位非常拥挤所致 |
| The departure of the vessel was impeded by the storm | 风暴使货船不能启航 |
| the displacement of human labour by machinery | 以机器代替人力 |
| The dispute on the question whether the S/C is frustrated shall be decided by the arbitrators | 关于合同是否落空的争议应由仲裁员裁决 |
| The disputes are to be determined by the arbitrator | 争议应由仲裁员裁定 |
| The existing premium of 5,000 baht per metric ton imposed by the government was a hindrance to rice export | 政府现在实施的每公吨5,000铢的出口加价是大米的出口障碍 |
| The goods are to be delivered by instalments | 货物规定分批交付 |
| the goods have been consigned by rail | 货物已交铁路运送 |
| The goods have been consigned by rail | 货物已交铁路托运 |
| The goods have been dispatched by air freight | 货物已交空运 |
| The goods were seized by customs authorities | 这些货物被海关当局扣押 |
| The harbour was blocked in by heavy masses of ice | 港口被大块冰堵塞了 |
| The insurance is to be covered by the seller | 由卖方投保 |
| The L/C calls for shipment by direct vessel | 该信用证要求直轮装运 |
| The next shipping opportunity will be by the end of this month | 下次装船机会将在本月底 |
| The output of the factory has increased by fifty percent as compared with last year | 与去年比该厂产量增加了百分之五十 |
| The payment is prescribed to make by letter of credit at sight | 规定以即期信用证作为支付方式 |
| The performance of the contract is rendered impossible by force majeure | 人力不可抗致使合同的履行成为不可能 |
| The postponement is caused by force majeure accidents | 延误系由人力不可抗事故造成 |
| The samples are being sent by air mail | 用空邮寄去样品 |
| The seller has advanced the price by 20% | 卖方提价 20% |
| The seller reduced the price by 10 per cent | 卖方减价百分之十 |
| The ship was bilged by a snag | 船触暗礁而漏水 |
| The stocks have been bought up by a big firm | 库存被一家大商号全部买走 |
| The terms and conditions in the contract shall be strictly observed by both parties | 合约双方必须严格遵守条款内容 |
| The turnover has been increased by US $10,000 | 营业额增加了10,000美元 |
| The two banks were affiliated by a common ownership of stock | 这两家银行因共有股权而联系密切 |
| The ups and downs of prices are governed by many factors | 价格起落受许多因素所支配 |
| There is no precedent to go by | 没有先例可援引 |
| These articles are graded by weight | 这些商品按重量分级 |
| These expenses are to be covered by the buyers | 由买方支付这些费用 |
| They reckon the output will increase by 30% | 他们估计产量将增加百分之三十 |
| This book is copyrighted by ABC Book Company | 本书版权属 ABC 图书公司 |
| This cover provides against loss by confiscation of the goods held in stock | 本保险承保库存货物被没收的损失险 |
| This insurance covers loss or damage caused by capture, seizure, restraint or detainment arising from the events in section 1 above | 本保险承保上述第一款所述由于捕获、拘捕、扣留、禁制、扣押所导致的损失 |
| trade by barter | 易货贸易 |
| transact business by through the agency of a broker | 通过中间人交易 |
| transport by barge | 驳运 |
| transport by land and water | 水陆运输 |
| transport by lighter | 驳运 |
| Under documentary credits, the banker, on the instructions of the buyer, promises to accept, honour or negotiate bills of exchange drawn by the seller | 在按跟单信用证支付方式下，银行依照买方指示，承诺对卖方开岀的汇票予以承兑，兑付或议付 |
| United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea 1978 | 联合国1978年海上货物运输公约 |
| United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea 1978 | 联合国1978 年海上货物运输公约 (汉堡规则) |
| Unless transhipment is prohibited by the terms in the credit, bills of lading will be accepted which indicate that the goods will be transhipped en route, provided the entire voyage is covered by one and the same bill of lading | 除非信用证条款禁止转船，注明货物将在中途转船的提单是可以接受的，但以用同一张包全程的提单为条件 |
| value added by manufacturing | 加工增值 |
| volume of goods moved by rail | 铁路货运量 |
| We confirm our firm offer by cable of the 20th July regarding 1,000 M/T peanuts F.A.Q. 1993 crop | 兹确认我方七月二十日电报实盘，1,000公吨花生，1993 年产大路货 |
| We'll manage to ship the goods by the end of this month | 我方将设法在本月底前装运货物 |
| We'll ship the goods by the end of this month | 我们将于本月底装运货物 |
| We've forwarded you by separate airmail three samples for this article | 我方已另空邮这一商品的三个样品 |
| work by the hour | 按时计工 |
| Your efforts to promote this line will be rewarded by success | 你方为推销这类商品付出的努力将获得成功 |
